Medications Flashcards
Psych Meds
Specific SSRI Drugs
Fluoxetine Citalopram Paroxetine Sertraline Fluvoxamine
Psych Meds
SSRI Mechanism of Action
Increase serotonin concentration by inhibiting the re-uptake of serotonin.
Psych Meds
SSRI Side Effects
Headache, hyponatraemia, anorexia, nausea, indigestion, sexual dysfunction.
Anxiety/agitation for first 1-2 weeks
Suicidal ideation
Psych Meds
Specific SNRI Drugs
Venlafaxine
Duloxetine
Psych Meds
SNRI Mechanism of Action
Increase NA concentration by inhibiting the re-uptake of NA
Psych Meds
SNRI Side Effects
Headache, anorexia, nausea, indigestion, sexual dysfunction. HTN/hypotension
Cardiotoxic in overdose
Psych Meds
Specific NaSSA Drugs
Mirtazapine
Psych Meds
NaSSA Mechanism of Action
NA and Specific Serotonin Antidepressant.
It acts centrally to increase release of NA and specific serotonin
Psych Meds
NaSSA Side Effects
Dry mouth, drowsiness and weight gain
Histamine agonist
Moderate adrenergic and muscarinic antagonist
Psych Meds
Specific TCA Drugs
Dothiepin
Imipramine
Amitriptyline
Lofepramine
Psych Meds
TCA Mechanism of Action
Inhibits NA (and some serotonin) re-uptake
Psych Meds
TCA Side Effects
Anticholinergic - (dry mouth, urinary retention, confusion) Antiadrenergic - (Hypotension and impotence) Cardiac Arrhythmias Seizures
Psych Meds
Specific MAOI Drugs
Tranylcypromine
Phenelzine
Psych Meds
MAOI Mechanism of Action
Increases neurone excitability by inhibiting the uptake of neurotransmitters.
Psych Meds
MAOI Side Effects
Anticholinergic
- (dry mouth, urinary retention, confusion)
Antiadrenergic
- (Hypotension and impotence)
Tyramine Reaction
- Can cause fatal syndrome of HTN and throbbing headaches.
- From cheese and red wine
Psych Meds
SSRIs for Breast Feeding Mothers
Sertralline
Psych Meds
Types of Antidepressants
1st Line - SSRIs - SNRIs - NaSSAs 2nd Line - TCA - MAOI
Psych Meds
Types of Antipsychotics
Typical/First Generation
Atypical/Second Generation
Psych Meds
Specific Typical Antipsychotics
Chlorpromazine
Haloperidol
Zuclopenthixol
Psych Meds
Typical Antipsychotic Mechanism of Action
DA-receptor blocker, but also block cholinergic, adrenergic and histamine receptors
Psych Meds
Specific Atypical Antipsychotics
Risperidone Olanzapine Quetiapine Aripiprazole Ziprazidone Amisulpride Paliperidone Clozapine - 'Atypical' Atypical
Psych Meds
Atypical Antipsychotic Mechanism of Action
Block 5HT2A <= D2 DA receptors.
Reduced efficacy on other receptors
Thus decreased EPS and increased metabolic syndrome than Typicals.
Psych Meds
Efficacy of Typical and Atypical Antipsychotics
Positive Symptoms - All moderate Treatment Resistance - No except clozapine does Negative Symptoms & Cognitive Symptoms - Limited except for limited-moderate for clozapine
Psych Meds
Side Effects of Typical and Atypical Antipsychotics
Sedation Weight Gain Motor (including EPS) Other - Prolactin (typicals and respiradone) - Clozapine
Psych Meds
Dexamphetamine Description
- Potent Psychostimulant
- Short-acting
- Promotes release of catecholamines (NA and DA)
Psych Meds
Methyphenidate Description
- Psychostimulant
- Trade name - Ritalin
- Long-acting
- Increases DA
Psych Meds
Types of Anticholinesterases
Donepezil
Rivastigmine
Galantamine
Psych Meds
Antipsychotic Motor Side Effect Frequency
- Typical - Common
- Atypical - Less common
- Clozapine - Rare
Psych Meds
Antipsychotic Sedation Side Effect Frequency
Sedation
- Typical - Less common
- Atypical - Less common
- Clozapine - Common
Psych Meds
Clozapine Side Effect Profile
- Agranulocytosis
- Seizures
- Myocarditis
Psych Meds
Drug-Induced EPS Treatment
- Neuroleptic-induced EPS -> Anticholinergic
- Akathisia -> Beta blockers or benzodiazepines
- Commonly used -> anticholinergic (benztropine)
Psych Meds
Types of Mood Stabilisers
Lithium
Antiepileptics
- Valproate
- Lamotrigine
- Carbamazepine
Atypical Antipsychotics
- Olanzapine
Psych Meds
Lithium Mechanism of Action
Complex inhibition of signal pathways
Psych Meds
Lithium Side Effects
Hypothyroidism, fine tremor, polyuria, polydipsia, weight gain, renal impairment, teratogen, cardiac defects
Psych Meds
Valproate Mechanism of Action
Causes GABA increase and blocks Na Channels
Psych Meds
Valproate Side Effects
Weight gain, sedation, NTD
Psych Meds
Lamotrigine Mechanism of Action
Inactivates Na Channels
Psych Meds
Lamotrigine Side Effects
Dizziness, sedation, skin rashes
Psych Meds
Carbamazepine Mechanism of Action
Inactivates Na Channels
Psych Meds
Carbamazepine Side Effects
Sedation, ataxia, blurred vision, water retention, hypersensitivity reactions, leucopenia, interacts with OCP (oral contraceptive pill)
