Terms Flashcards
as-built plans
As-built plans are drawings that are created after a project has been completed, and show exactly what has been built, rather than what is drawn in the original construction drawings.
sequential flow
This is a programmatic concept describing a situation in which events or processes must occur in a specific order with regard to people and/or objects.
BOMA
Building Owners and Managers Association
IFMA
International Facility Management Association
BIFMA’s e3
is a standard (developed using the ANSI process) for assessing environmental, health and wellness, and social impacts pertinent to furniture products.
BOMA 2017 for Office Buildings: Standard Methods of Measurement
ANSI/BOMA Z65.1—2017
USABLE AREA
Includes Net Area and Circulation Area, but
excludes building core and common spaces such
as elevators, exit stairs, mechanical rooms, and core
toilets. For multi-tenant floors, common building
corridors are excluded from Usable Area and
instead, are included in the Rental Area.
BIFMA’s LEVEL
the sustainability certification program for furniture.
RENTABLE AREA
Usable Area and building common spaces, such as
the building lobbies, egress corridors, service spaces
(mechanical/electrical, toilet, janitorial, etc), and
loading docks. Excludes major vertical penetrations,
such as stairwells, elevators, and major shaft spaces.
GROSS AREA
Includes exterior wall thickness, and all vertical
penetrations (mechanical/electrical, plumbing,
elevator shafts, stairwells, etc.), as well as
basements, garages, and penthouses. Excludes
parking lots and loading docks outside the
building line.
Gross area is measured to the outside finished surface of permanent exterior walls.
Net Area
is the space required for the function in the space or the program area.
efficiency factor
is used to calculate the gross area to include circulation and non-usable areas.
Occupant area calculations
the rentable area divided by (÷) the usable area for each floor.
If the glass is MORE THAN 50% of the wall area, usable (occupant area) is measured from
inside glass surface of exterior walls to the finished surface (inside face) of the tenant side multi-occupant corridor partition. And from the centerlines of partitions separating adjacent tenant spaces (called demising partitions).
If the glass is LESS THAN 50% of the wall area, usable (occupant area) is measured from the
exterior wall’s inside surface to the finished surface (inside face) of the tenant side multi-occupant corridor partition. And from the centerlines of partitions separating adjacent tenant spaces (called demising partitions).
gross building area for a two-story building leased to a single tenant is measured:
To the outside face of the building and includes all interior area
Rentable Area calculations
Multiplying the gross Occupant Area by the Building Load Factor
American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
One of the leading standards approving organizations in the United States, ANSI reviews standards written by organizations such as ASHRAE, UL and ASTM in an effort to avoid duplication and promote uniformity among various standards.
IFMA
The International Facility Management Association (IFMA) uses the Standard Practice for Building Floor Area Measurements for Facility Management (ASTM E1836) as its standard for measuring commercial spaces.
This method is used for space planning and space management purposes.
building commissioning
In new construction, verifying that building systems work as designed and meet the original project goals and requirements. The systems tested could include plumbing, mechanical, HVAC, etc. or interior systems like lighting.
dead-end corridor
has an exit in only one direction
common path of travel
The part of exit access that a building occupant would have to travel before two separate exit paths become available.
convection
Convection: the transfer of heat through the movement of either a gas (air) or a liquid.
In a warm or humid environment, a designer can use air movement and ventilation to increase evaporation and keep occupants cooler through convection.
Conduction:
The transfer of heat between substances which are in direct contact with each other. Conduction occurs when heat flows through a solid.
grille
may control the distribution of air but has no provisions for controlling the volume of air.
duct
directs the transfer of air from one point to another.
convector
transfers heat from a hot water system to the air.
Radiation:
When electromagnetic waves travel through space, it is called radiation. When these waves (from the sun, for example) hit an object, they transfer their heat to that object.
Cradle to Cradle
is a product certification program created by architect William McDonough and chemist Dr. Michael Braungart with five tiers of classification based on material health, material reuse, renewable energy, water stewardship, and social fairness criteria.
greenwashing
when a company uses false or misleading language, marketing, statistics etc. to make it seem as though they are engaging in eco-friendly practices.
GreenGuard
This third-party product certification program managed by UL Solutions tests indoor products to ensure they meet acceptable indoor air quality
FSC
The mission of the Forest Stewardship Council® is to promote environmentally sound, socially beneficial, and economically prosperous management of the world’s forests.
basic forest management principles and criteria.
Declare
Declare is the Living Future Institute product database that identifies the product origin of raw materials and the assembly locations, ingredients or composition, and end-of-life disposal options
Environmental Product Declaration
EPD is a document quantifying a product’s environmental impact throughout its lifecycle.
third-party verified and registered.
title acts
which regulate who may use the title of “interior designer” (or some similar title)
practice acts
which require that anyone who wants to practice as an interior designer meet certain requirements and obtain a license from the state to practice.
Closers
are devices that automatically return a door to its closed position after it is opened to maintain fire separation. Closers may also be required for privacy and accessibility codes.
Fire Dampers
are used to restrict and PREVENT the spread of fire AND smoke
Smoke Dampers
are used to RESIST the passage of smoke and air. In a passive control system, smoke dampers close in the presence of smoke to prevent it from circulating through a ventilation opening, transfer or duct, while in an engineered control system, smoke dampers help pressurize the areas around the fire, using floors and walls as barriers.
Dynamic fire dampers
close when airflow velocity and pressure increases a certain amount
static fire dampers
work with HVAC systems designed to shut down automatically in a fire.
Occupancy Classification
Entire Buildings Similar life safety characteristics
Occupancy Type
Individual spaces the use assigned to the building
Occupancy Groups
A Assembly
B business
E education
Mercantile
F Factory
S Storage
R Residential
U Utility
H hazardous
I intuitional
Occupant Load
Number of people that a building code assumes will occupancy a given building.
Occupant load factor
B 150
A 15
A fixed seating
K 200
R 200
Center-hung pivots Door VS offset pivots
Center-fully concealed
Offset not concealed.
pile seal
reduces sound transmission at the hinge and strike sides of the door.
Uniform Commercial Code
(UCC) assigns risks by allowing the factory and vendor to use “F.O.B. factory” or “F.O.B. destination” to determine at what point title is transferred and who is at risk for shipping damage.
material safety data sheet
is a listing of product safety information prepared by the manufacturer and marketers of products containing toxic chemicals.
Scoping provisions
are requirements that dictate how many accessible elements must be provided.
Hard Costs
costs of material and labor that go in the physical construction of real estate.
Soft Costs
associated with general and administrative costs of the project.
for example inspection fees, permits, taxes, and insurance. Soft costs can range from 15-40% of the project cost.
Sole Proprietorship
Owned by an individual and operates under individual name or company name
easy to set up total management control tax advantages
Disadvantage owner is liable debt and losses
difficult to raise capital and establish credit
Partnership
Two or more people share managment
Easy to form
Disadvantages
All partners are reliable
Income is taxed at individual rates
Corporation
Association of individuals
Financially and legally independent
Taxed at lower rates
Easy to raise capital
Disadvantages
Initial set up costs formal requirements
