Terminology - Week 1 Flashcards
Organisation of the Human Body - Week 1
Describe the Anatomical Position
- Standing upright
- Facing forward
- Arms at the side
- Palms facing forward
What is this position called?
Anatomical Position
Which is the Anterior (Ventral) and Posterior (Dorsal) directions?
Anterior (Ventral) - Front side of Body
Posterior (Dorsal) - Back side of Body
Which is Superior and Inferior directions?
Superior is upwards - higher than the point of reference
Inferior is downwards - lower from the point of reference
Which is Proximal and Distal directions?
Proximal is closer to any point of origin, and
Distal is further away from the origin.
Example - So my knee is proximal to my ankle but distal to the hip joint.
Which is Medial and Lateral directions?
Medial is towards the midline of the body
Lateral is away from the midline of the body
Where is Superficial and Deep located on the body?
Superficial (External) - located closer to the outside surface of the body
Deep (Internal) - located further beneath the body surface
Where is Ipsilateral on the body?
Ipsilateral is on the same side of the body
Where is Contralateral on the body?
Contralateral is on the opposite side of the body
What Plane is this?
Frontal (Coronal) plane
What is the Frontal Plane?
A frontal (aka coronal) plane is the plane that divides the body or an organ into an anterior (front) portion and a posterior (rear) portion.
The frontal plane is often referred to as a coronal plane.
What Plane is this?
Sigittal or Lateral Plane
What is a Sagittal Plane?
A sagittal plane (aka lateral plane) is a plane that divides the body or an organ vertically into right and left sides.
Midsagittal or median plane - vertical plane runs directly down the middle of the body
Parasagittal plane - divides the body into unequal right and left sides
What Plane is this called?
Transverse Plane
What is a Transverse Plane?
The transverse plane is a horizontal plane that divides the body into top and bottom halves.
Produce images referred to as cross sections.
What is this type of section called?
Cross-section plane
What is a Cross-section plane?
A cross-section is a plane perpendicular to the long axis of an organ.
What type of section is this?
Longitudinal Plane
What is a Longitudinal Plane?
A longitudinal section is a plane along the long axis of an organ.
What does the Dorsal Cavity consist of?
Cranial Cavity - the brain
Spinal Cavity - the spinal cord.
Dorsal Cavity - together these cavities are referred to as the dorsal cavity (dorsal means towards the back)
What are these two Cavities called?
Cranial (Brain) and Spinal, Make up the Dorsal Cavity
Name each Cavity on the diagram.
- Thoracic Cavity
- Abdominal Cavity
- Pelvic Cavity
What organs are in the Thoracic Cavity?
Lungs and Diaphragm
What organs are in the Abdominal Cavity?
Intestines, Liver, Kidneys and other Organs
What organs are in the Pelvic Cavity?
Urinary Bladder and Reproductive Organs
Where are the 4 Quadrants on the human torso?
- Upper Right Quadrant
- Upper Left Quadrant
- Right Lower Quadrant
- Left Lower Quadrant
Name the regions of the Abdomen
- Right Hypochondriac region
- Left Hypochondriac region
- Epigastric region
- Right Lumbar region
- Light Lumbar region
- Umbilical region
- Right Iliac region
- Left Iliac region
- Hypogastric region
