Terminology and extra things Flashcards
Rods are sensitive to low/high levels of light and are involved in central/peripheral vision
low
peripheral
Cones are for colour, true or false
true
Cornea is a/vascular
avascular
what are refractive errors
problem with how the eye focusses light
what is emmetropia
no refractive error i.e. ideal vision
what is hypermetropia and do people with this have better far or near vision
long sightedness
better far vision
smaller than average eyeball size
what is myopia and do do people with this have better far or near vision
short sightedness
better near vision
larger than average eyeball size - light meets before retina
what is astigmatism
rugby ball shaped eyes
what is presbyopia
long sightedness due to loss of elasticity of the the lens in older age
define papilloedema
optic disc swelling due to raised intracranial pressure around CN2
define esotropia
eye is lying inwards, moves outwards
define exotropia
eye is lying outwards, moves inwards
define hypertropia
eye is lying upwards, moves downwards
define hypotropia
eye is lying downwards, moves upwards
which refractive error increases risk of retinal detachment
myopia
hypermetropia is corrected by a convex/concave lens and has a +/- prescription
convex
+ve prescription
convergent
myopia is corrected by a convex/concave lens and has a +/- prescription
concave
-ve prescription
divergent
what is an Argyll Robertson pupil
accommodates but does not react
what is a Holmes Adie pupil
dilated pupil
what is a Marcus Gunn pupil
RAPD
what is Horner’s syndrome
ptosis
anhydrosis
miosis
describe a pupil in a 3rd nerve palsy
ptosis
dilated
‘down and out’ position
what is anisocoria
unequal pupil size
what can tamsulosin do to the iris which is seen in surgery
the iris can become floppy if you are on tamsulosin
if a patient is hypermetropic and develops a cataract, what can happen
the changes in the lens can change the way light is refracted and can actually make you myopic
what is xerophthalmia
vit A deficiency
what is retinitis pigmentosa
most common inherited ophthalmological disease where you get pigmentation of the retina, worsening night vision and peripheral visual loss
is glaucoma always caused by ^ IOP
no
^IOP is a RF
what is the most important management in CRAO/CRVO
optimising CVS RFs
preservative allergies are common, true or false
true
most common non infective cause of anterior uveitis
HLA B27
where can you get a toxoplasmosis infection from
cats
raw meat
it can cause retinal scarring
management option for macular oedema
anti VEGF injections
in which group of patients do you avoid giving anti VEGF to
recent MI or stroke
uncontrolled angina
uncontrolled HTN
