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Nursing 1 Terminology > terminology > Flashcards

terminology Flashcards

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1
Q

xerostomia

A

Salivary glands in the mouth do not make enough saliva to keep the mouth wet

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2
Q

Wheeze

A

A high pitched or coarse whistling sound that’s heard in the respiratory airway when one breathes.

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3
Q

Vesicular breath sounds

A

Heard over lower lung fields

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4
Q

Vertigo

A

A sense of spinning experienced even when someone is perfectly still.

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5
Q

Turgor

A

The degree of elasticity of skin, sometimes referred to as skin turgor

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6
Q

Thrombus

A

Semi-solid masses of blood that can either remain stationary (thrombosis) and obstruct blood flow or break loose (embolism) and migrate to different places of the body.
(Blood Clot)

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7
Q

Syncope

A

Fainting resulting from certain stressful triggers which lead to sudden drop in blood pressure and heart rate.

(Dizziness)

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8
Q

Stridor

A

High-pitched breath sounds resulting from airflow through an obstructed airway

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9
Q

Rhonchi

A

Rhonchi are continuous low pitched, rattling lung sounds that often resemble snoring. Obstruction or secretions in larger airways are frequent causes of rhonchi. They can be heard in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchiectasis, pneumonia, chronic bronchitis, or cystic fibrosis.

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10
Q

Pyrexia

A

Abnormal increase in body temperature (fever)

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11
Q

Ptosis

A

A condition in which there is drooping of upper eyelid either in one eye or both the eyes.

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12
Q

Pitting edema

A

occurs when excess fluid builds up in the body, causing swelling; when pressure is applied to the swollen area, a “pit”, or indentation, will remain.

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13
Q

Pallor

A

extreme paleness or a lack of healthy color in the skin. An example of pallor is when you are sick and your face is very pale as a result.

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14
Q

Orthostatic

A

of, relating to, or caused by an upright posture
(orthostatic hypotension)

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15
Q

Orthopnea

A

Difficulty in breathing while lying down.

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16
Q

Neutropenia

A

Low white blood count, less than 1.5

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17
Q

Neuralgia

A

A severe pain due to damaged nerves that causes severe burning pain

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18
Q

Malaise

A

Feeling uncomfortable, ill or lack of energy but you cannot explain the cause

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19
Q

Leukorrhea

A

White vaginal discharge

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20
Q

Leukocytes

A

White blood cell type

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21
Q

Leukocytosis

A

A higher than normal level of white blood cells in the blood. Greater than 10,000/mm3

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22
Q

Laparotomy

A

a surgical incision into the abdominal cavity, for diagnosis or in preparation for surgery

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23
Q

Jaundice

A

Characterized by a yellow discoloration of the eyes, skin, and urine

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24
Q

hyperemia

A

Increase of blood flow to specific tissues in the body

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25
Q

hemopytysis

A

the coughing up of blood.

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26
Q

emaciated

A

abnormally thin or weak, especially because of illness or a lack of food

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27
Q

edentulous

A

lacking teeth

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28
Q

dysphagia

A

A condition with difficulty in swallowing food or liquid. This may interfere in a person’s ability to eat and drink

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29
Q

dyspepsia

A

A condition where digestion is impaired. It causes persistent or recurrent pain or discomfort in the upper abdomen

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30
Q

dysphasia

A

Difficulty with speech

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31
Q

Diaphoresis

A

Sweating that does not occur due to heat but follows a sudden chill feeling in the body
(cold sweat)
Excessive sweating

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32
Q

Clubbing

A

Enlarge terminal phalanx of finger- caused by oxygenation deprivation

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33
Q

Cerumen

A

Earwax

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34
Q

Cachexia

A

general physical wasting and malnutrition usually associated with chronic disease

End stage emaciation, not easily fixed with nutrition. Due to disease.

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35
Q

Bruit

A

Abnormal sound made when blood rushes through a partly blocked blood vessel “whooshing sound”

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36
Q

Bronchovesicular

A

Normal sound heard between 1st and 2nd intercostal spaces anteriorly, and between scapula posteriorly

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37
Q

Bronchial

A

Bronchus: A large air tube that begins at the end of the trachea and branches into the lungs

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38
Q

Atrophy

A

A progressive and degeneration or shrikage of muscles or nerve tissues

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39
Q

Ataxia

A

describes poor muscle control that causes clumsy voluntary movements. It may cause difficulty with walking and balance, hand coordination, speech and swallowing, and eye movements.
Usually due to cerebellum damage.

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40
Q

Ascites

A

abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen.

Rapidly developing (acute) ascites can occur as a complication of trauma, perforated ulcer, appendicitis, or inflammation of the colon or other tube-shaped organ

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41
Q

Aphasia

A

A comprehension and communication (reading, speaking, or writing) disorder resulting from damage or injury to the specific area in the brain

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42
Q

Anoxia

A

extreme form of hypoxia (low levels of oxygen in the blood) in which there is a complete lack of oxygen supply to the body as a whole or to a specific organ or tissue region.

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43
Q

Anhidrosis

A

A condition in which the person does not sweat or perspire. This results in an increase in body heat and cause dizziness and in severe cases heatstroke

44
Q

Alopecia

A

Loss of hair from the scalp or any part of the body. The condition, usually, occurs when the immune system destroys the hair follicles that results in hair loss

45
Q

Achalasia

A

a rare disorder that makes it difficult for food and liquid to pass from the swallowing tube connecting your mouth and stomach (esophagus) into your stomach. Achalasia occurs when nerves in the esophagus become damaged

46
Q

Presbyopia

A

Progressive loss of near focusing ability of the eye due to ageing

47
Q

Presbycusis

A

Age-related hearing loss

48
Q

Dysarthria

A

Difficulty in speech due to weakness of speech muscles. This could be either a developmental problem or acquired due to medical conditions.

49
Q

Dyspnea

A

Difficulty breathing

50
Q

Hematemesis

A

Vomiting of blood

51
Q

Hemoptysis

A

Coughing up blood

52
Q

Hyperkalemia

A

Increased potassium level- greater than 5.3

53
Q

Abduction

A

the movement of a limb or other part away from the midline of the body

54
Q

Adduction

A

Bring limbs toward the body

55
Q

Adventitious breath sounds

A

abnormal sounds that are heard over a patient’s lungs and airways

56
Q

Apnea

A

temporary cessation of breathing, especially during sleep

57
Q

Atelectasis

A

A condition where lungs collapse partially or completely.

58
Q

Bradycardia

A

Heart rate slower than 60 beats per minute

59
Q

Bradypnea

A

Abnormally slow respiratory rate which is below 12 breaths per minute.

60
Q

Contracture

A

A permanent tightening of the muscles, tendons, skin, and surrounding tissues that causes the joints to shorten and stiffen.

61
Q

Cyanosis

A

Bluish skin color due to decreased amounts of oxygen

62
Q

Dorsal recumbent

A

lying on their back with their knees bent up in an outward position. (like birthing but feet down)

63
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

foot pointing upward

64
Q

Dyspnea

A

shortness of breath, a feeling of air hunger or chest tightness.

65
Q

Dysrhythmia

A

A condition characterized by abnormal heart rhythm. This may result in either too fast or slow heart beat.

66
Q

Hypotension

A

blood pressure reading below the specified limit (90/60 mmHg). This can cause dizziness, blurred vision and tieredness.

67
Q

Hypothermia

A

occurs as your body temperature falls below 95 F (35 C)

68
Q

Hypoxemia

A

blood oxygen level is very low, below 100 mmHg or 75 percent saturation.

69
Q

Hypoxia

A

low levels of oxygen in your body tissues.

70
Q

Inversion

A

tilting foot toward body

71
Q

Kyphosis

A

An abnormality of the spine causing excessive curvature of the upper back. This causes pain and stiffness. (huntchback)

72
Q

Lateral

A

away from midline of the body

73
Q

Lithotomy

A

Removal of kidney stones if unable to pass through urine.

74
Q

Lordosis

A

The excessive inward curvature of the spine. It can affect either at the neck or lower back causing pain and discomfort.

75
Q

Medial

A

median plane of the body or the midline of an organ. The opposite of lateral.

76
Q

Meniscus

A

C-shaped pad of fibrocartilage that cushions and stabilizes the knee joint

And the bottoms part of c shape in liquid measurement.

77
Q

Plantar flexion

A

toes pointing downward

78
Q

Pronation

A

a natural motion of your foot during walking and running. slight bend in ankle

79
Q

Prone

A

lying flat, especially face downward

80
Q

Pulse deficit

A

difference between the apical pulse and the radial pulse

81
Q

Pulse pressure

A

difference between your systolic blood pressure, which is the top number of your blood pressure reading, and diastolic blood pressure.

82
Q

Quadriplegia

A

paralysis of all four limbs; tetraplegia

83
Q

Scoliosis

A

sideways curvature of the spine or back bone

84
Q

Sims position

A

Sims position the patient lies on the left side with the left thigh slightly flexed and the right thigh acutely flexed on the abdomen; the left arm is behind the body with the body inclined forward, and the right arm is positioned according to the patient’s comfort.

85
Q

Sphygmomanometer

A

instrument for measuring blood pressure

86
Q

Supination

A

turn or hold (a hand, foot, or limb) so that the palm or sole is facing upward or outward. Compare with pronate.

87
Q

Supine

A

(of a person) lying face upward.

88
Q

Tachycardia

A

A heart rhythm disorder with heartbeats faster than usual, greater than 100 beats per minute.

89
Q

Tachypnea

A

condition where you breathe faster and shallower than normal,

90
Q

Visceral

A

Referring to the viscera, the internal organs of the body, specifically those within the chest or abdomen

91
Q

Idiosyncratic effect

A

unusual response to a drug.

92
Q

Hypercalcemia

A

condition in which the calcium level in your blood is above normal.

93
Q

Hyperkalemia

A

elevated level of potassium in the blood. Normal potassium levels are between 3.5 and 5.3 mmol/L with levels above 5.5 mmol/L defined as hyperkalemia.

94
Q

Hypernatremia

A

Electrolyte problem characterized by increased sodium concentration in the blood. This causes lethargy, confusion, and excessive thirst.

95
Q

Hypervolemia

A

when your body has too much fluid, especially in your blood. It can cause swelling, headaches, cramps, and heart problems

96
Q

Hypovolemia

A

A condition in which the volume of blood plasma is too low. This causes rapid heart beat, weak pulse, confusion and loss of consciousness

97
Q

Interstitial fluid

A

The interstitial fluid (IF) is part of the extracellular fluid (ECF) between the cells.

98
Q

Intracellular fluid

A

fluid contained within cells

99
Q

Isotonic

A

equal concentration of fluids

100
Q

Phlebitis

A

A condition of inflammation of veins causing pain, discomfort and swelling. It commonly occurs in the legs but can occur elsewhere in the body.

101
Q

Thrombophlebitis

A

condition where an inflammation in a vein is caused by a blood clot, affecting normal blood flow. It commonly occurs in the legs but can occur elsewhere in the body.

102
Q

Enteral

A

involving or passing through the intestine, either naturally via the mouth and esophagus, or through an artificial opening. Often contrasted with parenteral

103
Q

Enteritis

A

inflammation of your small intestine.

104
Q

Gastrostomy

A

an opening into the stomach from the abdominal wall, made surgically for the introduction of food.

105
Q

Hematemesis

A

Expulsion of stomach contents mixed with blood, or blood only through the mouth

Nursing 1 Terminology (8 decks)

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