Terminologies in Introduction to Pharmacology Flashcards
The study of drugs.
Pharmacology
Describes the processes of drug absorption, drug distribution, drug metabolism, and drug excretion.
Pharmacokinetics
Neurotransmitter of parasympathetic (cholinergic) nerves; stimulates the cholinergic receptor; excitatory neurotransmitter in the basal ganglia.
Acetylcholine (ACH)
An enzyme that inactivates acetylcholine.
acetylcholinesterase
Refers to the nerves and receptors of the parasympathetic nervous system; also refers to the drugs that stimulate this system.
Cholinergic
Specific cellular structure that a drug binds to and that produces a physiologic effect.
Receptor
Receptor located on internal organs and glands that responds to acetylcholine.
cholinergic receptor
Receptor located on internal organs that responds to norepinephrine and epinephrine.
adrenergic receptor
a combination of nutrients that may include amino acids, carbohydrates, vitamins, and minerals (electrolytes) that is infused into patients who cannot absorb these substances from the gastrointestinal tract because of condition or disease; the combination and concentration of nutrients vary according to patient need.
TPN (Total parenteral nutrition)
Condition usually in middle-aged adults from hypersecretion of growth hormone.
acromegaly
Interacts with one subtype of receptor over others.
selective
Use of drugs to inhibit the growth of or to destroy infectious organisms or cancer cells; use of drugs to kill or inhibit the growth of infectious organisms or cancer cells.
chemotherapy
Condition in older adults in which the bone density is altered so that softening and bending of the weight-bearing bones occurs.
Paget’s disease
Drug that BLOCKS the alpha-1 effects of NE and EPI.
alpha adrenergic drug
Receptor located on SMOOTH MUSCLE that mediates smooth muscle contraction.
alpha-1 adrenergic receptor
Receptor located on ADRENERGIC NERVE endings that reduces the release of NE.
alpha-2 adrenergic receptor
Receptor located on the HEART that increases heart rate and force of contraction.
beta-1 adrenergic receptor
Receptor located on smooth muscle that relaxes smooth muscle when stimulated.
beta-2 adrenergic receptor
Drug that blocks only beta-1 receptors.
selective beta-1 adrenergic blocker
Drugs that only interact with one of the enzymes in the cyclooxygenase family.
selective COX-2 inhibitors
