Autonomic Nervous System Drugs

Question 1

The ___________nervoussystem isa component of the peripheral nervous system that regulates involuntary physiologic processes including heart rate, blood pressure, respiration, digestion, and sexual arousal.

Answer 1

autonomic

Question 2

The ___________ nervous system isa network of nerves that helps your body activate its “fight-or-flight” response. This system’s activity increases when you’re stressed, in danger or physically active.

Answer 2

sympathetic

Question 3

The ______________ nervous system, division of thenervous systemthat primarily modulatesvisceralorgans such as glands.

Answer 3

parasympathetic

Question 4

The sympathetic nervous system releases the hormones _________ and _______________ that accelerate the heart rate.

Answer 4

epinephrine / norepinephrine

Question 5

Parasympathetic nervous system releases _____________, the hormone that slows down the heart rate.

Answer 5

acetylcholine

Question 6

_____________ areinformation messengers. They use electrical impulses and chemical signals to transmit information between different areas of the brain, and between the brain and the rest of the nervous system.

Answer 6

Neurons

Question 7

Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers in the body. Their job is to ________ __________ from nerve cells to target cells. These target cells may be in muscles, glands, or other nerves.

Answer 7

transmit signals

Question 8

The _______ is a drug that binds to the receptor, producing a similar response to the intended chemical and receptor.

Answer 8

agonist

Question 9

The antagonist is a drug that binds to the receptor either on the primary site, or on another site, which all together _______ the receptor from producing a response.

Answer 9

Stop/ Block

Question 10

The _________ drugs can help do the following:increase blood pressure. constrict blood vessels. open the airways leading to the lungs.

Answer 10

Adrenergic

Question 11

The _____________ drugs stimulate the parasympathetic nervous system by copying the action of Ach. They are given forAlzheimer’s disease, glaucoma, paralytic ileus, urinary retention, and myasthenia gravis.

Answer 11

Cholinergic

Question 12

What are the four specific categories of drugs, based on how they affect the ANS.

Answer 12

Cholinomimetics/cholinesterase antagonists

Anticholinergics

Adrenoreceptor agonists/sympathomimetics

Adrenoreceptor antagonists

Question 13

postoperative and neurogenic ileus and urinary retention

Answer 13

Bethanechol

Question 14

the diagnosis and treatment of myasthenia gravis, maintenance treatment of Alzheimer disease, and specifically neostigmine used commonly with glycopyrrolate to reverse neuromuscular blockade in postoperative anesthesia practice.

Answer 14

Cholinesterase inhibitors (neostigmine, edrophonium, pyridostigmine, physostigmine)

Question 15

used in ACLS guidelines to correct bradyarrhythmias and in ophthalmic surgery as a retinal dilator.

Answer 15

Atropine

Question 16

prevents motion sickness and postoperative nausea/vomiting.

Answer 16

Scopolamine

Question 17

fast-acting bronchodilator used in acute asthma exacerbations.

Answer 17

Albuterol

Question 18

indicated for many cardiovascular conditions since they are in the classification of class II antiarrhythmics; these agents are used to manage tachyarrhythmias, hypertension, angina, heart failure, and migraine prophylaxis.

Answer 18

Beta-blockers (propranolol, metoprolol, labetalol, etc.)

Question 19

indicated to correct urinary retention in benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Answer 19

Prazosin, doxazosin, terazosin, tamsulosin

Question 20

involved in the maintenance of Parkinson disease and conditions involving prolactinoma.

Answer 20

Bromocriptine