Central Nervous System Flashcards
The study of the drug effects on the nervous system, aiming to develop compounds to benefit humans with psychiatric and neurological disease.
Neuropharmacology
Central Nervous System (CNS) depressants are medicines that include sedatives, tranquilizers, and hypnotics. These drugs can _______ ______ __________, making them useful for treating anxiety, panic, acute stress reactions, and sleep disorders.
slow brain activity
Synaptic ______________ is the process at synapses by which a chemical signal (a transmitter) is released from one neuron and diffuses to other neurons or target cells where it generates a signal which excites, inhibits or modulates cellular activity.
transmission
It is responsible forallowing you to feel pleasure, satisfaction and motivation.
Dopamine
This medication is used in emergencies to treat very serious allergic reactions to insect stings/bites, foods, drugs, or other substances. _____________ works quickly toimprove breathing, stimulate the heart, raise a dropping blood pressure, reverse hives, and reduce swelling of the face, lips, and throat.
Epinephrine
It plays several roles in your body, includinginfluencing learning, memory, happiness as well as regulating body temperature, sleep, sexual behavior and hunger. Lack of enough ___________ is thought to play a role in depression, anxiety, mania and other health conditions.
Serotonin
One of the most commonneurodevelopmentaldisorders of childhood. It is usually first diagnosed in childhood and often lasts into adulthood. Children with this may have trouble paying attention, controlling impulsive behaviors (may act without thinking about what the result will be), or be overly active.
ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder)
Known as one of the treatment for narcolepsy.
Modafinil
Brain disorder that causes unintended or uncontrollable movements, such as shaking, stiffness, and difficulty with balance and coordination.
Parkinson’s disease
An absence seizurecauses you to blank out or stare into space for a few seconds. They can also be called petit mal seizures. Absence seizures are most common in __________ and typically don’t cause any long-term problems.
children
Seizures and Convulsions are common symptoms of __________.
Epilepsy
Doxapram increases the rate and depth of respiration. It is used forpost-anesthetic respiratory depression, and for respiratory depression caused by ____ use.
drug
Used for relief of bronchospasm caused by asthma or chronic obstructive lung disease.
Xanthine
It’s called “partial” because only one part of your brain is affected. During this type of seizure, you may not be able to control your movements or talk.
Partial Focal Seizures
A chronic sleep disorder characterized by overwhelming daytime drowsiness and sudden attacks of sleep. People with narcolepsy often find it difficult to stay awake for long periods of time, regardless of the circumstances.
Narcolepsy
Benzodiazepines is a type of ___________ medication. This means theyslow down the body and brain’s functions. They can be used to help with anxiety and insomnia (difficult getting to sleep or staying asleep)
sedative
Nonbenzodiazepine anxiolytics are medications usually prescribedas a second line treatment for _______ disorders. It work on the central nervous system to induce mild sedation and relieve anxiety.
anxiety
CNS depressants classified under the ______________.
- diazepam (Valium®)
- clonazepam (Klonopin®)
- alprazolam (Xanax®)
- triazolam (Halcion®)
- estazolam (Prosom®)
Benzodiazepines
CNS depressants classified under the ______________.
- mephobarbital (Mebaral®)
- phenobarbital (Luminal®)
- pentobarbital sodium (Nembutal®)
Barbiturates
Barbiturates are depressant drugs that slow down the central nervous system (CNS), and they are commonly used to treat issues like anxiety, headaches, insomnia, and seizures. Some can also be used as an effective ____________.
anesthesia
