Terminologies Flashcards
concerned with the nature and cause of disease as expressed by changes in cellular or
tissue structure and function caused by the disease proces
Pathology (pronounce pa-thol -j )
– field of veterinary medicine concerned with the causes of and changes
produced in the body of all vertebrate animals by disease.
- the study of disease in animals.
Veterinary Pathology
the study of diseases affecting all animal species and humans.
Comparative Pathology –
culmination of those various defects, deficiencies or excesses at the cell or tissue level
which may ultimately express in a clinically apparent dysfunction.
Disease
a definite pathologic process with a characteristic set of signs and symptoms. It may affect
the whole body or any of its parts, and its etiology, pathology, and prognosis may be
known or unknown.
Disease
- failure of the adaptive mechanisms of an organism to counteract adequately the stimuli
or stresses to which it is subject resulting in a disturbance in function or structure of any
part, organ or system of the body.
Disease
- failure of the adaptive mechanisms of an organism to counteract adequately the stimuli
or stresses to which it is subject resulting in a disturbance in function or structure of any
part, organ or system of the body.
Disease
- abnormal microscopic and gross changes (and to include biochemical) in a cell, tissue,
organ and system as a result of a disease. It also involves biochemical alterations. - a wound or injury; a pathologic change in the tissues
Lesion – (pronounce l zh n)
– this refers to any outside or inside influences in the animal or
individual that would cause changes either in physiology and morphology of the cell.
Injury (or Injurious Agents)
anything that upsets the homeostasis of the cell.
Injury
- any stimulus or succession of stimuli of such magnitude that tend to disrupt the homeostasis
of the organism.
Stress
- any stimulus or succession of stimuli of such magnitude that tend to disrupt the homeostasis
of the organism.
Stress
when mechanisms of adjustment fail or become disproportionate, or incoordinate, the
stress may be considered an injury resulting in disease, disability and death.
Stress
– the maintenance of the steady state in an organism by coordinated physiological
processes or feedback mechanisms
- The processes through which such bodily equilibrium is maintained.
Homeostasis
- the sequential development of disease.
- the step by step progression of disease from its onset to formation of lesion and clinical
manifestations. - the origin and course of development of disease.
Pathogenesis (pronounce path- -jen - sis)
– refers to the capacity to produce a disease.
Pathogenicity
– refers to the degree of pathogenicity or disease producing power of the organism
Virulence
– set of lesions that would highly indicate the disease.
Pathognomonic
– expected outcome or prediction of probable result of a disease
Prognosis
– the act of deciding the nature, cause and course of a disease.
- the conclusion of all considered lesions resulting to naming of a disease.
Diagnosis
Types of Diagnosis:
Clinical Diagnosis – based on signs and symptoms
Morphological Diagnosis – based on gross and microscopic lesions.
Etiological Diagnosis – based on laboratory identification/isolation.
Definitive Diagnosis – or confirmatory diagnosis resulting to naming of the disease.
– man-made or induced diseases.
Iatrogenic
– the injurious agent or etiology is unknown.
Idiopathic
– the injurious agent or etiology is unknown.
Idiopathic
– or individual peculiarity.
Idiosyncrasy
– (or AUTOPSY; term for human medicine) post-mortem examination of animals.
Necropsy
– (or AUTOPSY; term for human medicine) post-mortem examination of animals.
Necropsy
- is the removal of and examination of tissue from a live individual or animal.
Biopsy
– microscopic study of lesion(s) in a tissue section.
Histopathology
– microscopic study of lesion(s) in a tissue section.
Histopathology
the commonly used stain for histopathological examination.
Hematoxylin and Eosin (H & E)
- used to specifically demonstrate lesion.
Special stains
Special stains- used to specifically demonstrate lesion.
e.g.,
use of Sudan stains for fat vacuoles
use of Periodic acid-schiff (PAS) for glycogen vacuoles
use of Toluidine blue for mast cells
- the father of modern pathology
Rudolf Virchow
– authored the four cardinal signs of inflammation.
Celsus
– the “father of medicine.”
Hippocrates
The first veterinary college in the world was founded in
Lyon, France in
1762 by Claude Bourgelat.
– this is the medical symbol with a serpent
Caduceus (pronounce k-‘d(y)ü-shE-s)
The word “caduceus” is
derived from the Greek root meaning “______”. The Romans
were said to have used the caduceus as a badge of neutrality among
heralds seeking peaceful negotiations with the enemy. The caduceus
has come to be the dominant symbol of the medical profession
Heralds’s wand
