Terminologies

Question 1

concerned with the nature and cause of disease as expressed by changes in cellular or
tissue structure and function caused by the disease proces

Answer 1

Pathology (pronounce pa-thol -j )

Question 2

– field of veterinary medicine concerned with the causes of and changes
produced in the body of all vertebrate animals by disease.
- the study of disease in animals.

Answer 2

Veterinary Pathology

Question 3

the study of diseases affecting all animal species and humans.

Answer 3

Comparative Pathology –

Question 4

culmination of those various defects, deficiencies or excesses at the cell or tissue level
which may ultimately express in a clinically apparent dysfunction.

Answer 4

Disease

Question 5

a definite pathologic process with a characteristic set of signs and symptoms. It may affect
the whole body or any of its parts, and its etiology, pathology, and prognosis may be
known or unknown.

Answer 5

Disease

Question 6

• failure of the adaptive mechanisms of an organism to counteract adequately the stimuli
  or stresses to which it is subject resulting in a disturbance in function or structure of any
  part, organ or system of the body.

Answer 6

Disease

Question 7

• failure of the adaptive mechanisms of an organism to counteract adequately the stimuli
  or stresses to which it is subject resulting in a disturbance in function or structure of any
  part, organ or system of the body.

Answer 7

Disease

Question 8

• abnormal microscopic and gross changes (and to include biochemical) in a cell, tissue,
  organ and system as a result of a disease. It also involves biochemical alterations.
• a wound or injury; a pathologic change in the tissues

Answer 8

Lesion – (pronounce l zh n)

Question 9

– this refers to any outside or inside influences in the animal or
individual that would cause changes either in physiology and morphology of the cell.

Answer 9

Injury (or Injurious Agents)

Question 10

anything that upsets the homeostasis of the cell.

Answer 10

Injury

Question 11

• any stimulus or succession of stimuli of such magnitude that tend to disrupt the homeostasis
  of the organism.

Answer 11

Stress

Question 12

• any stimulus or succession of stimuli of such magnitude that tend to disrupt the homeostasis
  of the organism.

Answer 12

Stress

Question 13

when mechanisms of adjustment fail or become disproportionate, or incoordinate, the
stress may be considered an injury resulting in disease, disability and death.

Answer 13

Stress

Question 14

– the maintenance of the steady state in an organism by coordinated physiological
processes or feedback mechanisms
- The processes through which such bodily equilibrium is maintained.

Answer 14

Homeostasis

Question 15

• the sequential development of disease.
• the step by step progression of disease from its onset to formation of lesion and clinical
  manifestations.
• the origin and course of development of disease.

Answer 15

Pathogenesis (pronounce path- -jen - sis)

Question 16

– refers to the capacity to produce a disease.

Answer 16

Pathogenicity

Question 17

– refers to the degree of pathogenicity or disease producing power of the organism

Answer 17

Virulence

Question 18

– set of lesions that would highly indicate the disease.

Answer 18

Pathognomonic

Question 19

– expected outcome or prediction of probable result of a disease

Answer 19

Prognosis

Question 20

– the act of deciding the nature, cause and course of a disease.
- the conclusion of all considered lesions resulting to naming of a disease.

Answer 20

Diagnosis

Question 21

Types of Diagnosis:

Answer 21

Clinical Diagnosis – based on signs and symptoms
Morphological Diagnosis – based on gross and microscopic lesions.
Etiological Diagnosis – based on laboratory identification/isolation.
Definitive Diagnosis – or confirmatory diagnosis resulting to naming of the disease.

Question 22

– man-made or induced diseases.

Answer 22

Iatrogenic

Question 23

– the injurious agent or etiology is unknown.

Answer 23

Idiopathic

Question 24

– the injurious agent or etiology is unknown.

Answer 24

Idiopathic

Question 25

– or individual peculiarity.

Answer 25

Idiosyncrasy

Question 26

– (or AUTOPSY; term for human medicine) post-mortem examination of animals.

Answer 26

Necropsy

Question 27

– (or AUTOPSY; term for human medicine) post-mortem examination of animals.

Answer 27

Necropsy

Question 28

• is the removal of and examination of tissue from a live individual or animal.

Answer 28

Biopsy

Question 29

– microscopic study of lesion(s) in a tissue section.

Answer 29

Histopathology

Question 30

– microscopic study of lesion(s) in a tissue section.

Answer 30

Histopathology

Question 31

the commonly used stain for histopathological examination.

Answer 31

Hematoxylin and Eosin (H & E)

Question 32

• used to specifically demonstrate lesion.

Answer 32

Special stains

Question 33

Special stains- used to specifically demonstrate lesion.
e.g.,
use of Sudan stains for fat vacuoles
use of Periodic acid-schiff (PAS) for glycogen vacuoles
use of Toluidine blue for mast cells

Question 34

• the father of modern pathology

Answer 34

Rudolf Virchow

Question 35

– authored the four cardinal signs of inflammation.

Answer 35

Celsus

Question 36

– the “father of medicine.”

Answer 36

Hippocrates

Question 37

The first veterinary college in the world was founded in

Answer 37

Lyon, France in
1762 by Claude Bourgelat.

Question 38

– this is the medical symbol with a serpent

Answer 38

Caduceus (pronounce k-‘d(y)ü-shE-s)

Question 39

The word “caduceus” is
derived from the Greek root meaning “______”. The Romans
were said to have used the caduceus as a badge of neutrality among
heralds seeking peaceful negotiations with the enemy. The caduceus
has come to be the dominant symbol of the medical profession

Answer 39

Heralds’s wand