Terminiology

Question 1

Diploid

Answer 1

The original chromosome number, 2n. Diploids must undergo mitosis

Question 2

Haploid

Answer 2

Only one set of chromosomes, n. Only sperm and egg cells can be haploid. Eg; diploid of human is 46. Haploid number equals 23

Question 3

Genotype

Answer 3

The genetic makeup of an organism, what the alleles look like. Eg Aa or aa

Question 4

Phenotype

Answer 4

Observable physical traits. Effected by genotype and environment. Eh cokour, height, shape

Question 5

Heterozygous

Answer 5

Having two different version of the same gene, one from mom, one from dad. Eg Aa

Question 6

Homozygous

Answer 6

Having two identical alleles. Eg aa, AA

Question 7

Homologous

Answer 7

Chromosomes come together in homologous pairs (synapsis). They contain dna that codes for the same genes

Question 8

Carrier

Answer 8

A person who Carrie’s a genetic difference in one copy of gene, but doesn’t have the difference. Eg Someone could have brown eyes with genotype Bb, they have brown yes but could pass blue eyes down to their kid