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Intro to Ancient Rome > Term Identifications Exam 3 > Flashcards

Term Identifications Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Forum of Caesar

A

adjacent to original roman forum. Curia Julia attached to the south side.

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2
Q

Temple of Venus Genetrix

A

at far end of the temple, reminder of Caesars divine lineage. highly decorated

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3
Q

Battle of Pharsalus

A

temple of venus dedicated on last day of triumph.

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4
Q

Curia Julia

A

senate building, replaced curia hostiliaa. its location as an appendage to the forum reflects the subordination of the senate.

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5
Q

Forum of Augustus

A

perpendicular to forum of Caesar. temple to mars Ultor, related to temple of venus but 1.5x larger. chariot of agustus

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6
Q

Summi Viri

A

“great men”

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7
Q

Temple to Mars Ultor

A

modeled after temple of venus but 1.5x larger.

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8
Q

Battle of Philippi

A

battle against the assassins of Caesar.

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9
Q

Forum of Trajan

A

largest forum. most elaborate. Dedicated after victories in Dacia (Romania) in 106 AD. Two long porticos, basilica in tehmiddle , column of trajan - relief of military exploits in Romania. (Dacia)

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10
Q

Basilica Ulpia

A

civic building in center of Trajans forum

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11
Q

Column of Trajan

A

relief of military exploits in Romania. (Dacia), as well as Trajans ashes, which is weird because Romans are buried outside of the city walls typically, but emperors had extra power

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12
Q

Temple of Deified Trajan

A

dedicated after his death

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13
Q

dedicated after his death

A

commemorated battle of actium. celebrated victory over parthians. Located between temples of Castor and DivineJulius.

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14
Q

Arch of Titus

A

sack of jerusalem, built by domitian to celebrate his brother Titus military victories.

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15
Q

Triumphator

A

like a conquistador in Spain.

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16
Q

Apotheosis of Titus

A

him turning into a god, its a carving on arch of titus.

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17
Q

Arch of Septimius Severus

A

In roman forum, commemoratesvictories in parthia. depicts battles, seiges, emperor addressing troops.

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18
Q

Arch of Constantine

A

near colosseum, built in 315 AD. victory of Constantine over Maxentius (rival for the throne)

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19
Q

Villa of Tiberius at Sperlonga

A

carving of the death of polyphemus on Scylla.

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20
Q

Domus Aurea

A

Palace built by evil Nero. Destroyed to make colosseum.

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21
Q

Octogonal Hall

A
  • in the domus aurea
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22
Q

Mausoleum of Augustus

A

300 ft in diameter. all of his feats.

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23
Q

Mausoleum of Hadrian

A

Tomb for Hadrian and his imperial family. cylinder with a garden on top

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24
Q

Invocation of the Muse

A

how all epics begin. “let me tell a great story right now ok here we go”

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25
Q

Erato

A

the greek Muse

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26
Q

King Latinus

A

ruler of the region

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27
Q

Amata

A

wife of latinus

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28
Q

Lavinia

A

bethrothed to Turnus

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29
Q

Turnus

A

soon to be leader of the Ritulian army. bad guy

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30
Q

Oracle of Faunus

A

you sleep in a temple on fleeces of slaughtered sheep and the God appears to you in a dream and advises.

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31
Q

Celano’s prophecy

A

Dont marry your daughter in to a Latin family. A better companion is coming, a stranger, to take the family name to the stars and rule the world.

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32
Q

Allecto

A

one of the furies, summoned from hades by Juno. Causes war. convinces Amata (father of Lavinia) not to marry Aeneasin favor of Turnus. Lavinia and Aeneas are fate thooo

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33
Q

Furies

A

goddesses of vengeance

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34
Q

Silvia

A

has the pet Stag that Turnus kills to start the war.

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35
Q

Gates of War

A

Latinus, the keeper of the gate, refuses to open the gate for their war. But juno opens them herself.

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36
Q

Tomb of Eurysaces, the Baker

A

relief of a baker who showed hiumself baking. made so much money he had a lavish tomb.

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37
Q

Popinae

A

Roman “fast food” place

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38
Q

Trajan’s Market -

A

massive concrete complex attached to trajans forum, network of streets and arcades. shops and administrative offices. Great hall. indoor markets, two stories.

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39
Q

Lex Sempronia

A

law in 123 bc that set fixed and subsidized price from grain.

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40
Q

Clodius

A

passed law in 55bc allowing free monthly distribution of grain. Over 100,000 people recieved free grain.

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41
Q

Ostia

A

close to rome, on west coast, and built in lineness of rome

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42
Q

Tiber

A

Most important River in Rome. goods unloaded at ostia.

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43
Q

Portus Augusti

A

river had poor anchorage, so a harbour wass built.

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44
Q

Portus Trajani Felicis

A

hexagular shaped bay looking thing.

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45
Q

Horrea

A

warehouse , rooms around a courtyard.

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46
Q

Piazza of the Corporations

A

warehouse with 61 rooms, offices of the shipping companies.

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47
Q

Marzabotta

A

orthogonal grid plan. elongated rectangular blocks. wide main streets. n-s or e-w axis.

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48
Q

Hippodamos of Miletus

A

Thurii, Magna Gaecia

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49
Q

Decumanus

A

East/West

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50
Q

Cardo

A

North/south

51
Q

Forum of Pompeii

A

Two story colonnade on three sides. Temple of Jupiter at N end. religious buildings: Temple of Ju[iter, apollo, Vespasian. Civic buildings: Basillica, municipal offices, comitium

52
Q

Temple of Apollo

A

mix of greek and etruscan styles. peripteral corinthian colonnade. Stairs only infront. Portico on all four sides. Ionic columns, Statues off Apollo and Diana.

53
Q

Temple of Jupiter / Capitolium

A

triple shrine to Jupiter, Juno, and Minerva. Elongated plan - four columns deep porch. Relief shownig Capitolium druing earthquake of 62 ce, two equestrian statues (castor and Pollux?), and etruscan stuyle temple with corinthian columns.

54
Q

Relief from House of L. Caecilius Iucundu

A

shownig Capitolium druing earthquake of 62 ce, two equestrian statues (castor and Pollux?), and etruscan stuyle temple with corinthian columns.

55
Q

Basilica

A

oldest well- preserved basillica. used for public and private business. housed law courts. Tribunal at one end, and an elevated platform

56
Q

Macellum

A

indoor market area, tabernae along sides. Remains of fruits and grains in north. Fish Scales an dBoens in courtyard

57
Q

Tabernae

A

shops

58
Q

Stabian Baths

A

entire city block, shops on exterior, seperate areas for men and women

59
Q

Insula

A

city block

60
Q

Caldarium

A

hot room

61
Q

Frigidarium

A

cold bath

62
Q

Hypocaust system

A

furnaces, and hollow spaces under teh floor

63
Q

Theatre

A

large open air theater

64
Q

large open air theater

A

theatrum tectum “covered theatre”

65
Q

Amphitheatre

A

on outskirts of city, earlist known stone amphitheatre, series of barrell vaults.

66
Q

Tomb of the Flavii

A

flavian dynastys resting place. 30-50 bce

67
Q

Domus Italicus

A

atrium house, common features and much variation.

68
Q

Atrium House

A

etruscan influence

69
Q

House of Sallust

A

misnomer - inscription on neighboring house, several phases. earliest dates to 3rd c bce. six shops, rly nice house.

70
Q

House of the Vetii

A

early ex of peristyle house, Axiality, two aria, larrge peristyle court and a large dining room.

71
Q

House of the Faun

A

House of the Faun

72
Q

Tiber’s Prophecy

A

In Aeneas’ dreams… He is shown a sow (pig) with a litter of 30, near a hidden stream. This spot would be his city. Tells Aeneas to seek alliance with King Evander. TIber also tells Aeneas hell slow down the flow of the tiber to allow safe passsgae.

73
Q

King Evander

A

greek from Arcadia who are also fighting with the Latins

74
Q

Festival to Hercules

A

happening when Aeneas fnds the city

75
Q

Pallas

A

son of Evander, first to address Aeneas

76
Q

Atlas

A

father of Electra and Maia.

77
Q

Electra and Maia

A

mother and father of Dardanus and Mercury

78
Q

Dardanus

A

Founder of Troy

79
Q

Mercury

A

Ancestor/father of Evander

80
Q

Hercules and Cacus Digression

A

annual sacrifices to hercules in forum boararium. shows the cult imporatnce in rome. also shows the juxtaposition of good and evil which is Cacus the Greek “bas man” vs Evander the Greek “Good man”.

81
Q

Saturn and the Golden Age

A

Story told suring Aeneas’ tour of Rome. Story of brutes and savages living here till saturn came down adn instilled order. then a golden age sprouted.

82
Q

Lupercal

A

a cave beneath a cold cliffside with the arcadian name of Lycean Pan.

83
Q

Vulcan

A

homeric allusion , Vulcan makes armor for Achilles in Illiad.

84
Q

Shield of Aeneas

A

describes achievements of rome through warfare. history of roman warfare. Aeneas war is first roman war.

85
Q

Battle of Actium

A

Naval battle against Marc Antony and Cleopatra. When Ceasar defeats Antony.

86
Q

Tufa

A

volcanic stone

87
Q

Travertine

A

hard limestone

88
Q

Luna (Carrara) marble

A

while/blue-grey marble

89
Q

pozzolana

A

volcanic ash

90
Q

opus quadraticum/ashlar masonry

A

dressed-stone construction. cut-stone clocks of regularly equal size and shape. generally laid without mortar. EX: temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus / servian wall

91
Q

Opus caementicium / caementa

A

roman concrete. made of lime mortar, volcanic sand (pozzolana) water, small stones (caementa). Wooden, stone or brick frames/molds. COvered with stucco or marble revetment

92
Q

Opus incertum

A

early 2nd to mid 1st c. BCE, opus carmenticium core, faced with irregularly shaped stones

93
Q

Opus reticulatum

A

begins in the early 1st c. bce. opus carmenticium core, faced with irregular pyramid shaped tufa stones, in a diamond pattern.

94
Q

Quoins

A

masonry blocks on the corneres of buildings

95
Q

Revetment

A

higher quality stones, travertine, marble. cut into thin slabs, more aesthetically pleasing.

96
Q

Opus latericium

A

begins 1st c AD, opus carmenticium core, faced with brick.

97
Q

Frontinus

A

roman administrator. wrote De Aquis Urbis Romae (98AD)

98
Q

curator aquarum

A

roman administrator

99
Q

Aqua Appia

A

(312bc) Built by censor Appius Claudius Caecus, Delivered water to area around Aventine hill, Located mostly underground

100
Q

Aqua Marcia

A

(144 BC) Built by urban praetor Quintus Marcius Rex, Best drinking water (cool and clean), 91 kilometers, Very expensive, First to have long expanse elevated on arches

101
Q

Aqua Julia

A

(33 BC) During reign of Augustus, built by Agrippa Built on top of Aqua Marcia and Aqua Tepula Creating a triple tiered aqueduct

102
Q

Aqua Claudia

A

built during reign of Claudius, smong the longest and largest, source from the anio river valley.

103
Q

Aqua Anio Novus

A

built during reign of Claudius, smong the longest and largest, source from the anio river valley.

104
Q

Constant-flow system

A

operated by gravity, carefully graded for steady stream. Water passed through ocasional resiviors/settling tanks

105
Q

castella

A

water was then distributed to the castella - or storage towers.

106
Q

Cloaca Maxima

A

“greatest sewer” ran through roman forum to tiber river

107
Q

Via

A

roads outside the city connecting to Rome

108
Q

Pons Sublicius

A

linked forum boarium with trantiberium below tiber island

109
Q

Tiber Island

A

island in the middle of rome in the middle of tiber river. had bridges crossing the tiber.

110
Q

Pons Aemilius

A

179bc) first stone bridge across Tiber River

111
Q

Pons Cestius

A

Connected TIber island to east and west banks

112
Q

Iris

A

Lower divity sent by Juno to Tunus in a dream, tells Turnus to attack the Trojan camp (all while a treaty was being formed to stop the fighting)

113
Q

Turnus

A

Trojans build a makeshift wall, and Turnus beseiges these walls. He is the leader of the attacking army. Killed by Aeneas

114
Q

Nisus and Euryalus

A

first seen in book 5 during the funeral games of Anchises. They were kids but they end up trying to sneak out of the war to go tell Aeneas that they were fighting. Both of them get killed getting out of the city.

115
Q

Amicitia

A

an example would be the funeral games of Anchises

116
Q

Rutulians

A

enemys of the Arcadians

117
Q

Pallanteum

A

place of battle, aeneas returns to pallanteum with allies

118
Q

Volcens

A

person who Kills Euryalus

119
Q

Death of Pallas

A

Turnus kills Pallas, and its alluded that Turnus till die too because of this.

120
Q

Trophy

A

aeneas builds a grand trophy to the God of War

121
Q

Death of Turnus

A

Death of Turnus

122
Q

Aeneas’ Final Act

A

When turnus tries to plead with Aeneas, Aeneas sees the trophy and Pallas belt on Turnus and stabs his sword into Turnus’ chest.

123
Q

Anchises Words

A

“your mission, Roman, is to rule the world. These will be your arts: establish peace, spare the humbled, and to concquer the proud.”

Intro to Ancient Rome (15 decks)

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