Passage Identifications Exam 2 Flashcards
“ArmsI sing –and a man, The first to come from the shores Of Troy, exiled by Fate, to ItalyAnd the Laviniancoast; a man batteredOn land and sea by the powers aboveIn the face of Juno’ relentless wrath;A man who also suffered greatly in war Until he could found his city and bring his godsInto Latium, from which rose The Latin people, our Alban forefathers,And the high walls of everlasting Rome.
AeneidBook 1:Proem; refers to how Virgil is going to imitate Homer’s Odyssey and Iliad
“Muse, tell me why the Queen of HeavenWas so aggrieved, her godhead so offended,That she forced a man of faultless devotionTo endure so much hardship. Can there beAnger so great in the hearts of gods on high?”
Invocation of the Muse: All epic poems begin with plea to a Muse to inspire the poet
“Three times, four times luckier were thoseWho died before their parent’s eyesUnder Troy’s high walls! O Diomedes, Bravest of the Greeks, if only I had been killed By your right hand on Ilium’s plain,Where Hector went down under Achilles’ spear,Where huge Sarpedonlies, where the Simoisrolls So many shields and helmets caught in its currentAnd the bodies of so many brave heroes!”
Aeneas was trying to be a Greek hero, rather than a Roman hero by dying for his country, rather than putting his gods, family and country first like the Roman Gods.
“Trojans! This is not our first taste of troubleYou have suffered worse than this, my friends,And God will grant an end to this also …Recall your courageAnd put aside your fear and grief. Someday perhaps,It will help to remember these troubles as well.”
Aeneas has concern for his men, he gave a speech to his men after the shipwreck; this is his first time showing piatas
“But Aeneas’ love for his son, Ascanius,Would not allow his mind to rest. He sen tAchates, on the run, to the ships To report the news and to bring the boy Back to the city. Ascanius was all Aeneas’ care.”
Aeneas has concern for his son (family); therefore showing piatas which is a characteristic of a Roman hero. However, at this point in the book he. is still a greek hero.
“Am I to admit defeat,Unable to keep these Trojans and their kingFrom Italy: Forbidden by the Fates, am I?Pallas could burn the Argives’ fleet And drown all hands for one man’s offense …But I, who walk among the gods as their queen,Sister of Jupiter and Jupiter’s wife –I Have to wage war for years on endAgainst this one race. Who will worship JunoAfter this, or bow down before her holy altars?”
Juno’s furor because she hates Trojans and knows the Romans are going to defeat Carthage. She hates Trojans because she lost in the judgment of Paris to Venus and because of the abduction of Ganyede, a boy whom she created as cupbearer
“Riots will often break out in a crowded assemblyWhen the rabble are roused. Torches and stonesAre soon flying –Fury always finds weapons –But then all eyes light upon a loyalcitizen,A man of respect. The crowd stands stillIn hushed expectation. And with grave wordsHe masters their tempers and calms theirs hearts.”
Juno causes chaos by causing the storm while Aeneas is at sea. Neptune takes charge and calms the sea. This is an example of the furor vs imperium theme that persists throughout the Aeneid.
“[Romulus will] call the people, after his own name,Romans. For these I set no limitsIn time or space, and have given to them Eternal empire(imperium), world without end.”
Jupiter’s Prophecy•Aeneas and men are shipwrecked of coast of N. Africa•Venus complains to Jupiter•Jupiter reveals the future to Venus•Outlines Roman history from Aeneas to Romulus:
“The Gates of War,Iron upon bolted iron, shall be closed,And inside, impious Furywill squat enthronedOn the savage weapons of war, hands boundRight behind his back with a hundred brazed knots,Howling horrible curses from his blood-filled mouth.”
Continues Jupiter’s prophecy up to Augustus•Imperiumconstraining Furor:
“My Queen, you are asking me to relive Unspeakable sorrow, to recall how the GreeksPulled down Troy…But if you are so passionate to learn Of our misfortunes, to hear a brief accountOf Troy’s last struggle –although my mindShudders to remember and recoils in pain,I will begin.”
Aeneas is recalling the events of Troy’s struggle to the queen but he is reluctant to do so because it brings him sadness that his city was destroyed
“For if you lay violent handsUpon this offering to Minerva,Destruction will fall upon Priam’s realm. But if your hands bring it into the city, Asia will wage war upon Pelop’swallsAnd this fate awaits our children’s children.”
Sinon–the lying Greek•Elaborate tale, lots of details•Trying to convinces Trojans to bring horse into city
“Are you out of your minds, you poor fools?…Either this lumber Is hiding Achaeans inside, or it has been builtAs an engine of war to attack our walls, …Do not trust the Horse, Trojans! Whatever it is, I fear the Greeks, even when they bring gifts.”With that he hurled his spear with enormous forceInto the vaulting belly of the beast. The shaftStood quivering, and hollow insidesReverberated with a cavernous moan.
Death of Laocoön; tries to worn trojans of the horse and gets killed by the serpents of Minerva
“Run, child of the goddess. Save yourself fromThese flames. The enemy holds the walls.Great Troy is falling. Enough has been given To Priamand his country. If Pergamum’s heightCould be defended by a hero’s hand,Its defense would have been this hand of mine.Troy commends to you the gods of the city.Accept them as companions of your destinyAnd seek for them the great walls you will found.After you have wandered across the sea.”
Ghost of Hector; comes to Aeneas in a dream to tell him to leave Troy to found a new city because the Gods need him to.
“Out of my mind, I took up arms –no battle plan,But my soul burned to gather a war partyAnd storm the citadel. Rageand furySent my mind reeling and my only thought Was how glorious it is to die in combat.”
Aeneas’ response to Hector; becomes enraged and wants to die and battle to be a Greek hero
At that moment, Panthus, priest of Apollo,Ran up to my door, dragging his grandsonAway from the Greek swords, the sacred imagesOf our vanquished gods clutched in his arms.“Troy’s last day and final hour have come. We are Trojans no more. Ilium is no more. The great glory of the Teucrians is gone. Jupiter in his rage has given all to Argos…”
Doing what Aeneas shouldbe doing❖Taking care of his family❖Saving the household gods (Panthos)
“The next thing we sawWas Cassandra, Priam’s daughter,Being dragged, hair streaming, from the shrineOf Minerva’s temple, lifting to heavenHer burning eyes –her eyes only, For her tender hands were bound. Coroebuscould not endure this. He threw himselfinto the midst of the band, determined to die.”
Abduction of CassandraCassandra, daughter of PriamDragged from statue of Athena; serve as reminded to aeneas of what will happen to him and his family if he doesn’t leave troy
“The old man slung his long-unused armorOver his trembling shoulders, strapped on His useless sword, and, bound to die,Charged the enemy.”
Death of PriamPriam, king of TroyHecuba, his queenNeoptolemus/Pyrrhus,son of Achilles;serve as reminded to aeneas of what will happen to him and his family if he doesn’t leave troy
“Then an awful sense of dread enveloped me.I stood in a daze, and there rose before meThe image of my dear father, the same age As the wounded king whom I was watching Gasp out his life. Before me rose Creüsa, Abandoned, the pillaged house, and the plight Of little Iülus.”
Cassandra and Priamscenes•serve as reminders for Aeneas•what will happen to his family
