term 2 test

Question 1

Momentum

Answer 1

The product of an object’s mass and its velocity.

Question 2

Linear momentum

Answer 2

A vector quantity with the same direction as the velocity

of the object.

Question 3

Newton’s second law of motion in terms of momentum

Answer 3

The net (or resultant) force acting on an object is equal to the rate of change of momentum of the object in the direction of the net force.

Question 4

Impulse

Answer 4

Is the product of the resultant/net force acting on an object and the time the net force acts on the object.

Question 5

System

Answer 5

A system is a collection of two or more objects that interact with each other

Question 6

Isolated system

Answer 6

A system on which the resultant/net External force is zero

Question 7

The principle of conservation of linear momentum

Answer 7

The total linear momentum of an isolated system remains constant (is conserved)

Question 8

Weight

Answer 8

Gravitational force the earth exerts on any object on or near its surface.

Question 9

Projectile

Answer 9

An object which has been given an initial velocity and then it moves under the influence of the gravitational force only.

Question 10

Free fall

Answer 10

Motion during which the only force acting on an object is the gravitational force.

Question 11

Work- energy theorem

Answer 11

The net work done on an object is equal to the change in the object’s kinetic energy.

Question 12

Conservative force

Answer 12

Force for which the work done in moving an object between two points independent of the path taken.

Question 13

Non-Conservative force

Answer 13

Force for which the work done in moving an object between two points depends on the path taken.

Question 14

Principle of conservation of mechanical energy

Answer 14

The total mechanical energy (sum of gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy) in an isolated system remains constant

Question 15

power

Answer 15

The rate at which work is done

Question 16

heat of reaction (ΔH)

Answer 16

The energy absorbed or released in a chemical

reaction.

Question 17

Define exothermic reactions

Answer 17

As reactions that release energy.

Question 18

Define endothermic reactions

Answer 18

As reactions that absorb energy.

Question 19

Activation Energy

Answer 19

The minimum energy needed for a reaction to take place.

Question 20

Activated Complex

Answer 20

The unstable transition state from reactants to products.

Question 21

Reaction rate

Answer 21

The change in concentration of reactants or products per unit time.

Question 22

catalyst

Answer 22

A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself undergoing a permanent change.

Question 23

Gravitational Potential Energy

Answer 23

The energy an object has because of its position in the gravitational field relative to some reference point.

Question 24

Open and closed systems

Answer 24

An open system continuously interacts with its

environment, while a closed system is isolated from its surroundings

Question 25

A reversible Reaction

Answer 25

A reaction is reversible when products can be converted

back to reactants.

Question 26

Chemical Equilibrium

Answer 26

It is a dynamic equilibrium when the rate of the forward

reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction.

Question 27

Le Chatelier’s principle

Answer 27

When the equilibrium in a closed system is disturbed, the
system will re-instate a new equilibrium by favouring the reaction that will oppose the
disturbance.

Question 28

Collision Theory

Answer 28

According to the collision theory, a reaction between two substances A and B can only take place if the molecules (Particles) of A collide with the molecules (Particles) of B