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Medications > Teratogens > Flashcards

Teratogens Flashcards

1
Q

ACE/ARB

A

Increase risk of oligohydramnios and fetal kidney damage, decreased skull ossification

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2
Q

Tetracyclines (Doxycycline)

A

Interfere w/ fetal bone and tooth development

Gray/yellow discoloration of teeth

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3
Q

Fluoroquinolones (Ciprofloxacin)

A

Associated w/ bone/cartilage deformaties and arthropathy

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4
Q

Sulfonamides (TMP-SMX)

A

Class C
First trimester - interferes with folic acid metabolism
Third trimester - increases risk of kernicterus (possibly)

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5
Q

Retinoids (isotretinoin)

A

CNS abnl, cardiovascular abnl, facial abnl, spontaneous abortion

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6
Q

Lithium

A

Congenital heart disease, esp Ebstein’s anomaly

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7
Q

NSAIDs

A

Increase risk of miscarriage

May promote premature closure of fetal ductus arteriosus

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8
Q

Mycophenolate

A

(Immunosuppressant)
Ear/face congenital malformations
Increases risk of first trimester miscarriages

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9
Q

Thalidomide

A 
(Immunosuppressant)
Flipper limbs (phocomelia)
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10
Q

Warfarin

A

Spontaneous abortion, IUgR, CNS abnl, facial abnl, MR, Dandy-Walker malformation (use heparin or LMWH)

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11
Q

Efavirenz

A

NNRTI (teratogenic)

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12
Q

Finasteride

A

Blocks testosterone -> DHEA

Femininization / genitalia abnl in male fetus

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13
Q

Aminoglycosides (gentamicin, etc)

A

CN VIII damage (deafness)

Skeletal abnormalities, renal defects

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14
Q

Anti-seizure medications in general

A

NTD, facial abnormalities (clefting)

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15
Q

Carbamazepine

A

Facial abnl, NTD

Fingernail hypoplasia

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16
Q

Chemotherapeutics (all classes)

A

Intrauterine fetal demise (30%)

Severe IUGR, multiple anatomic abnl, MR, spontaneous abortion, secondary neoplasms

17
Q

Diazepam

A

Cleft palate

18
Q

Diethylstilbestrol (DES)

A

Anatomic genital tract abnl +

Vaginal and cervical adenocarcinoma later in life

19
Q

Heparin

A

Mild prematurity, IUFD (much safer than warfarin)

20
Q

OCPs

A

Spontaneous abortion, ectopic pregnancy (overall fairly safe)

21
Q

Phenobarbital

A

Neonatal withdrawal

22
Q

Phenytoin

A

Facial abnl (cleft)

23
Q

Valproic acid

A

NTD (1%), facial abnl (cleft)

24
Q

Cocaine

A

Abruptio placentae

Arrythmia, MI, stroke in mother

25
Q

Ethanol

A

FAS (MR, IUGR, facial abnl, fetal demise)

26
Q

Opioids

A

Narcotic withdrawal

27
Q

Tobacco

A

IUGR, prematurity

28
Q

Radiation

A

> 10 rads risk of fetal malformation, small increased risk of childhood leukemias

Medications (10 decks)

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