Tenta 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Fever, essay

You are nursing a child in the child department with high fever. What interventions do you take and in which
order? Motivate.

A

Informerar och talar noga om vad jag ska göra, både för barnet och föräldrar.
Kolla barnets kläder
Se till att patienten dricker rikligt med vätska, gärna sötad och kall för att hålla patienten hydrerad.
Se till att rummet har en lagom temperatur (20-22 grader)
Temperatur, för att ta reda på hur svår febern är.
Om hög feber se till att adekvat läkemedel ges så att febern går ner.

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2
Q

Affecting health

Which of following has the greatest role in adversely affecting (kan påverka mest negativt) a child’s health?
Select one alternative:

Environmental influences
Religious influences
Socioeconomic status
Cultural backgroun

A

Socioeconomic status

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3
Q

Examination

You are a nurse and are to examine a 2 year old child. What should you start with in the examination?
Select one alternative:

Chest auscultation
Abdominal palpation
Oral examination
Otoscopic examination

A

Chest auscultation

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4
Q

Pain management

The FLACC-scale is another pain assessment tool that is used in child management. What does the
abbreviation (förkortningen) stand for?

Face, Legs, Acuity, Cry & Comfortability
Face, Legs, Activity, Cry & Consolability
Face, Legs, Anxiety, Cry & Consolability

A

Face, Legs, Activity, Cry & Consolability

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5
Q

CPR

How do you perform cardiac and pulmonary resuscitation (Hjärt- och lungräddning) on a five year old child?
Describe in correct order step by step. Do not involve the situation and context (sammanhanget), where it
happened and other people. Include a time perspective.

A
  1. Kontrollera livstecken - Skaka, smärtstimuli
  2. Kontrollera andning - Se, lyssna och känn efter andning. Gör ett haklyft.
  3. Gör 5 inblåsningar - håll för näsan.
  4. Ring 112 snarast, eller be någon annan att göra det.
  5. Gör 15 bröstkompressioner - ca 100/minut.
  6. Gör 2 inblåsningar - fortsätt sedan med kompressioner/inblås tills hjälp anländer.
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6
Q

Face pain scale

The Face pain scale is primary used in preterm and full-term infants to assess pain.
Select one alternative:

False
True

A

False!

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7
Q

Allergy

Describe five different common allergic reactions (not diseases). Describe the clinical manifestations as
detailed as possible.

A

Hudsymtom: klåda, myrkrypningar, rodnad, nässelutslag, svullnad och ögonklåda

Luftvägssymtom: klåda, svullnad i halsen, hosta, nysning, astma och andningsstillestånd

Buksymtom: illamående, kväljningar, urinavgång, diarré och krampartade buksmärtor

Cirkulationssymtom: kallsvettning, blekhet, snabb hjärtrytm, oregelbunden puls, blodtrycksfall,
kramper, medvetslöshet och hjärtstillestånd

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8
Q

Blood pressure

Blood pressure is measured in mmHg. In what age is 90 systolic /60 diastolic a normal blood pressure?
Select one alternative:

5 years old
10 years old
6-12 months old
0-6 months old

A

10 years old - 110/65
5 years old - 105/65
6-12 months old - 90/60
0-6 months old - 80/45

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9
Q

Intensive care

To check the temperature rectally is best if you want to measure the core temperature in a child. In intensive
care there are other ways. Give two examples of measure sites that are only used in intensive care.

A

Temperaturmätning i lungartären (arteria pulmonalis) eller matstrupen görs kontinuerligt genom att temperaturen mäts via en sensor på respektive kateter

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10
Q

Fever

Preschool children often get upper airway infections which sometimes causes fever. However, what is the
main reason that small children develop fever more often than adults?

A

Det beror framför allt på att temperaturcentrum i hypotalamus inte är fullt utvecklat ännu vilket gör det svårt för barnet att anpassa sig till yttre klimat.

Det beror också på att immunförsvaret inte har hunnit utvecklats tillräckligt.

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11
Q

Please match the conditions below with the best description.

  1. A condition that are most common in small children, causing severe breathing difficulties with problem with mucous that needs to be removed.
  2. Often caused by RS virus in infants
  3. The chronic/long-term disease which causes most sickleaves in school.
  4. Same as diphtheria

A. Bronchitis
B. Asthma
C. Genuine croup
D. Bronchiolitis

A
  1. A condition that are most common in small children,
    causing severe breathing difficulties with problem
    with mucous that needs to be removed.
    A. Bronchitis
  2. Often caused by RS virus in infants.
    D. Bronchiolitis
  3. The chronic/long-term disease which causes most
    sickleaves in school.
    B. Asthma
  4. Same as diphtheria.
    C. Genuine croup
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12
Q

Nutrition

You work in a health care clinic. A worried mother to a 1, 5 year old boy calls at lunch time. The boy started to
vomit during the night, and now he can’t keep anything down. What do you advice the mother?

Let the child sleep, and try with fluids in 3-4 hours, rest is a good way for the body to heal and ease the dehydration.

Only give water, because that’s the way to reverse a dehydration.

Only give small amounts of drink, but often.

A

Only give small amounts of drink, but often.

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13
Q

Children develop malnutrition faster than adults, why?

A

Behovet av energi och näringsämnen varierar med åldern. Under barn – och ungdomsåren är individen i ständig tillväxt och utveckling.
Tillväxthastigheten varierar med åldern och är tre gånger så hög hos barn under spädbarnsåret jämfört med barn i 10-årsåldern.

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14
Q

What is true about painmanagement in infants and toodlers 0-3 years? Shoose one!

  • Distraction works as painmanagment for children under 1 year of Age.
  • There is no use for parents to be close.
  • To be hungry can distract from the pain.
  • Glucose can help to manage pain.
  • Glucose can make the pain worse.
A
  • Glucose can help to manage pain.
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15
Q

Chose ONE of the following long term conditions and explain how to take care of a child with this
condition:

  • Astma
  • Allergy
  • Type 1 diabetes
A

Astma:
* Övervaka barnets symtom (andnöd)
innan astmaanfall inträffar
* Ge medicin
* Ta bort astmatriggers från miljön
* Utbilda alla (förstå triggers,
identifiera symtom och ge korrekt behandling)

Diabetes typ 1:
* Övervakning av blodsocker
* Administrering av insulin
* Äta regelbundna måltider och mellanmål
* Balansera mat, medicinering och fysisk aktivitet
* Att känna igen tecken på lågt och högt blodvärde-glukos
* Psykosocialt stöd

Allergi:
* Skydda ett barn från exponering för en
kränkande mat eller allergen
* Skriftliga instruktioner angående maten som barnet är allergiskt mot och steg som behöver tas för att undvika den maten
* En detaljerad behandlingsplan vid en
allergisk reaktion. Inklusive specifika symtom som skulle tyda på behovet av att administrera en eller flera mediciner.

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