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Food Prep and Nutrition > Technological developments > Flashcards

Technological developments Flashcards

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1
Q

What factors influence technological developments?

A 
Population increase
Transport and travel
Preservation methods
Media
Environmental factors
Economic understanding and trade
Scientific advancements
Consumer demand
Changes in work/leisure time
Wider understanding of nutrition, diet and health
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2
Q

What three factors affect a country’s ability to feed itself?

A

Land available
Accessible water
Population

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3
Q

How are foods often stored during travel?

A

Frozen

Chilled

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4
Q

What developments have there been in transport and travel of foods?

A

More economic ‘greener’
Biofuels
Drones

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5
Q

What does MAP mean in relation to packaging?

A

Modified atmosphere packaging

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6
Q

What is MAP packaging?

A

Removes air in food packets and replacing with oxygen or nitrogen to slow down how quickly food decays

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7
Q

What does HPP stand for?

A

High pressure processing

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8
Q

What is HPP (high pressure processing)?

A

Cold pasteurisation of sealed packets via water

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9
Q

How has the media affected food choice?

A

Use of apps e.g. tripadvisor, sugarsmart, justeat and deliveroo

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10
Q

What are organic foods?

A

Foods produced without the use of artificial chemicals

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11
Q

What is hydroponics?

A

Growing plants in a water based environment rather than soil

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12
Q

What are the advantages to hydroponics?

A

Higher crop yields than traditional methods

Eliminates the need for large scale pesticide use

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13
Q

What are GM foods?

A

Foods that have specifically had their DNA modified

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14
Q

Why have products been genetically modified (GM)?

A 
Improved nutritional value
Non-allergenic foods
Cheaper foods
Improved crop yields
Longer shelf life
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15
Q

What concerns are linked to GM foods?

A

Moral issues e.g. religion - is it right to manipulate course of nature?
Harm to the environment
Poses a danger to humans
Damage to the natural food chain

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16
Q

What cheap, protein are we being encouraged to try?

A

Insects

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17
Q

What are functional foods?

A

Foods that had an additional benefit beyond normal nutrition

18
Q

Probiotics are an example of a functional food. What are they?

A

Live bacteria and yeasts that have proven health benefits

19
Q

Prebiotics are an example of a functional food. What are they?

A

Fibres which cannot be broken down by the body so provide food for probiotics

20
Q

Stanols and sterols are examples of functional foods. What are they?

A

They work to reduce cholesterol absorption so lowers blood cholesterol

21
Q

What types of foods are fortified with stanols and sterols?

A

Dairy products e.g. benecol

22
Q

What does fortification mean?

A

Adding nutrients to foods that have been lost through processing

23
Q

What benefits are there to using robots in food processing?

A

Faster work
More reliable
Improved efficiency
Improved consistency

24
Q

What percentage of food produced is wasted?

A

33%

25
Q

What are the four categories of factors that influence food choice?

A

Cooking skills
Food budget
Lifestyle
Time

26
Q

How have cooking skills influenced the trend for increased convenience foods?

A

Lack of culinary skills

Children cooking more

27
Q

How has lifestyle influenced the trend for increased convenience foods?

A

Fewer formal eating occasions
Rise of one-person households
Work-life balance
More women working outside the home

28
Q

How had time influenced the trend for increased convenience foods?

A

More women working outside the home

Higher levels of disposable income

29
Q

How has food budget influenced the trend for increased convenience foods?

A

Higher levels of disposable income
Improvements in packaging
Younger consumers with disposable incomes more likely to try new foods

30
Q

What are the benefits to people using convenience foods?

A 
Less time cooking
Less time planning meals
Less time shopping
Fewer leftovers
Easier to clean up
31
Q

What are the disadvantages to people using convenience foods?

A

Low nutritional quality

More expensive

32
Q

What government healthy eating guidelines are there?

A 
Eatwell Guide
Change 4 Life
Be food smart
5 a day
Healthy school meals
Live well
Eat Better Feel Better
33
Q

What does the term climate change mean?

A

A large scale, long term shift in the planets weather patterns or average temperatures

34
Q

What does the term sustainability mean?

A

Human activity which is not harmful to the environment and does not deplete natural resources

35
Q

What does the term preservation mean?

A

Keeping something in its present state or preventing it from being damaged

36
Q

What does the term food miles mean?

A

The distance food has traveled between production and consumption

37
Q

What is vacuum packaging?

A

A preservation method that removes all the air from a food container or package before sealing

38
Q

What is pasteurisation?

A

Heating food to a specific temperature for a specific amount of time to kill microorganisms

39
Q

What is TVP?

A

Textured vegetable protein

A vegetarian protein made from soya beans

40
Q

What is mycoprotein?

A

A fungi that is processed to make quorn

41
Q

What is molecular gastronomy?

A

Scientific study of the physical and chemical processes that occur during cooking

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