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RICS APC Building Surveying 2023 > Technical - Design and Specification > Flashcards

Technical - Design and Specification Flashcards

1
Q

What is ‘Occupational’ design philosophy?

A

Focuses on the requirements of a specific end user.

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2
Q

What is ‘Use centered’ design philosophy?

A

Emphasis is given to the general facility to be offered and how this might appeal to a broader range of building users defined use classes etc.

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3
Q

What is ‘Pragmatic’ design philosophy?

A

A more creative approach that acknowledges existence of more than one design option.

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4
Q

What is ‘Critical’ design philosophy?

A

A fundamental driver to the design often linked to a culture setting identified by the client.

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5
Q

What is the other role that Lead Consultant often take up?

A

Lead Designer

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6
Q

What are some of the key characteristics of a Lead Consultant?

A
  • Clients main point of contact
  • Participation throughout the project life cycle.
  • A designer or design manager who procures the bulk of the project design through sub-consultant design services.
  • CAN offer near exclusivity in design function.
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7
Q

What can a shortfall in design resource lead to?

A
  • Disproportionate design liability.
  • Increased design gaps leading to post tender risk and uncertainty.
    A volatile construction contract.
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8
Q

What are some of the key roles of the Lead Designer?

A
  • Co-ordinates other designers in the consultant team as well specialist designers.
  • Preparation of information for the project brief, designs and specifications.
  • Reporting to the client on design matters and seeking approvals.
  • Preparation of tender documentation.
  • Issue info to contractors and review designs prepared by contractors.
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9
Q

Who should be aware of limitations in preparing a design and technical specifications and the extent in which they can be relied upon by themselves and others?

A

The lead consultant / designer.

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10
Q

Who publishes the principles of inclusive design?

A

Commission for Architecture and the Built Environment (CABE)

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11
Q

What are the principles of inclusive design?

A
  • Inclusive (everyone can use it safely, easily and with dignity)
  • Responsive (taking account of what people say they need and want)
  • Flexible (different people can use it in different ways)
  • Convenient (everyone can use it without too much effort or separation)
  • Accommodating (All people, regardless of their age, gender, mobility, ethnicity or circumstances)
  • Welcoming (no disabling barriers that might exclude some people)
  • Realistic (offering more than one solution to help balance everyone’s needs.
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12
Q

What are the three common leading factors of design?

A
  • Statutory Compliance
  • Sustainability
  • Health & Safety
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13
Q

What main legislative acts & regs should initially assessed by the appointed designer for a project?

A
  • The Town and Country Planning Act
  • Building Regulations 2010
  • CDM Regulations 2015
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14
Q

What is the RIBA Plan of Work 2020?

A

The RIBA plan of works organises the process of briefing, designing, constructing and operating a project into 8 stages and explains stage outcomes, tasks and information exchanges required per stage.

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15
Q

What are the stages of the RIBA Plan of Works?

A

0 - Strategic Definition
1 - Preparation and briefing
2 - Concept Design
3 - Spatial Co-ordination
4 - Technical Design
5 - Manufacturing and construction
6 - Handover
7 - Use

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16
Q

What are the stage outcomes, core tasks and core statutory process and info exchange at Stage 0 - Strategic Definition

A
  • Stage Outcome
    + The best means of achieving the client requirements are confirmed.

Core Tasks -
+ Prepare client requirements
+ Develop Business case for feasible options including review of project risks and budget.
+ Undertake site appraisals.

  • Core Statutory processes:
    +Strategic appraisal of planning conditions.
  • Information Exchanges:
    + Client requirements
    + Business case.
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17
Q

What are the stage outcomes, core tasks, core statutory processes and information exchange at Stage 1 - Preparation and Briefing

A
  • Stage outcomes: Project brief approved by the client and confirmed that it can be accommodated on the site.
  • Core tasks:
    + Prepare client brief - including project outcomes, sustainability outcomes, quality aspirations and spatial requirements.
    + Undertake feasibility studies.
    + Agree project budget.
    + Source site information - surveys.
    + Prepare project programme.
  • Core statutory processes:
    + Source pre-application planning advise.
    + Initiate collation of health and safety Pre-Construction Information.
  • Information Exchanges:
    + Project brief.
    + Site information.
    + Procurement Strategy.
    + Responsibility Matrix.
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18
Q

What are the stage outcomes, core tasks, core statutory processes and information exchange at Stage 2 - Concept Design

A

processes and information exchange at Stage 2 - Concept Design

A
- Stage outcome: Architectural concept approved by the client and aligned to project brief.

  • Core tasks:
    + Prepare architectural concept incorporating strategic engineering requirements and aligned to cost plan, project strategies and outline specification.
    + Agree project brief derogations.
    + Undertake design reviews with client and project stakeholders.
  • Core statutory processes:
    + Obtain pre-application planning advise.
    + Agree route to building regulations compliance.
    + Option: submit outline planning application.
  • Information exchanges:
    + Project brief derogations (aspects of the design that do not need to align with the project brief).
    + Signed off stage report.
    + Project strategies.
    + Outline specification.
    + Cost plan.
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19
Q

What are the stage outcomes, core tasks, core statutory processes and information exchange at Stage 3 - Spatial Coordination

A
  • Stage outcomes: Architectural and engineering information spatially coordinated.
  • Core tasks:
    + Undertake design studies, engineering analysis and cost exercises to test architectural concept resulting in spatially coordinated design aligned to updated cost plan, project strategies and outline specification.
    + Initiate change control procedures (process for making any requested changes to the project to make sure they are not made unnecessarily and don’t impact negatively on project programme and cost).
    + Prepare stage design programme.
  • Core statutory processes:
    + Review design against building regulations.
    + Prepare and submit planning application.
  • Information exchanges:
    + Signed off stage report.
    + Project strategies.
    + Updated outline specification.
    + Updated cost plan.
    + planning application.
20
Q

What are the stage outcomes, core tasks, core statutory processes and information exchange at Stage 4 - Technical Design

A

Stage outcomes: All design information required to manufacture and construct the project completed.

  • Core Tasks:
    + Develop architectural and engineering technical design.
    + Prepare and coordinate design team building system information.
    + Prepare and integrate specialist subcontractor building systems information.
    + Prepare stage design programme.
  • Core Statutory Processes:
    + Submit Building Regulations Application.
    + Discharge pre-commencement planning conditions.
    + Prepare Construction Phase Plan.
    + Submit F10 form to HSE if applicable.
  • Information exchange:
    + Manufacturing information.
    + Construction information.
    + Final specifications.
    + Building Regulations Application.
21
Q

What are the stage outcomes, core tasks, core statutory processes and information exchange at Stage 5 - Manufacturing and Construction?

A
  • Stage outcomes: Manufacturing, construction and commissioning completed.
  • Core tasks:
    + Finalise site logistics.
    + Manufacture building systems and construct building.
    + Monitor progress against construction programme.
    + Inspect construction quality.
    + Resolve site queries as required.
    + Undertake commissioning of building.
    + Prepare building manual.
  • Core statutory processes:
    + Carry out Construction Phase Plan.
    + Comply with planning conditions relating to construction.
  • Information exchange:
    + Building manual (O&M manual) including Health and Safety File and Fire Safety Information.
    + Practical completion certificate including defects list.
    + Asset information.
22
Q

What are the stage outcomes, core tasks, core statutory processes and information exchange at Stage 6 - Handover

A
  • Stage outcomes: Building handed over, aftercare initiated and building contract concluded.
  • Core tasks:
    + Hand over building in line with Plan for Use Strategy.
    + Undertake review of project performance.
    + Undertake seasonal commissioning.
    + Rectify defects.
    + Complete initial aftercare tasks.
  • Core statutory processes:
    + Comply with planning conditions as required.
  • Information exchange:
    + Feedback on project performance.
    + Final certificate (AI).
    + Feedback from light touch post occupancy evaluation.
23
Q

What are the stage outcomes, core tasks, core statutory processes and information exchange at Stage 7 - Use

A
  • Stage outcomes: Building used, operated and maintained efficiently.
  • Core tasks:
    + Implement facilities management and asset management.
    + Undertake post occupancy evaluation of building performance in use.
    + verify project outcomes including sustainability outcomes.
  • Core statutory processes:
    + Comply with planning conditions as required.
  • Information exchange:
    + Feedback from post occupancy evaluation.
    + Updated building manual including health and safety file and fire safety information as necessary.
24
Q

What are preliminaries?

A
  • They provide the description of the project to allow cost assessment and specify general conditions and requirements for execution. For example: project description, site access and parking etc.
  • From the preliminaries a contractor can price for cost significant items that they need to carry out the works such as site welfare and provision of temporary services.
25
Q

What are preambles?

A
  • A preamble is an explanation of a document, commonly found in contracts, specifications and bills of quantities. It helps with the interpretation of a document.
  • A preamble may include:
  1. Description of parties to the contract.
  2. A description of the competence of parties to a contract - this will include a set of general standards for the quality of goods or services required.
  3. Tendering procedures.
  4. Objectives of the project.
26
Q

What is the difference between preliminaries and preambles?

A
  • Preambles are the explanation of the works that don’t form part of the costings, preliminaries are used to describe the project and allow costing of items that are required to complete the works, for example temporary access and welfare.
27
Q

What is NBS?

A
  • The National Building Specification is a UK based company that provides specification platforms used by construction professionals to produce high quality and standardised specifications for construction projects.
28
Q

Why would you use NBS?

A
  • Allows collaboration - others can be invited to edit the document.
  • Ensures consistent standard and format for all projects.
  • All statutory standards are kept up to date, such as British Standards.
  • Is the standard specification platform used in the UK so contractors are used to working with this form of specification.
29
Q

What is NBS Chorus?

A
  • A cloud based collaborative specification platform that is used internationally. It allows construction professionals to produce high quality specifications efficiently.
30
Q

What are some alternative specification systems?

A
  • Barbour Index
  • International Construction Information Society
  • National Green Specification
31
Q

What is a specification?

A

A document which describes products, materials and work required in a project. It does not include cost and quantity, it is read alongside lists of quantities, work schedules and drawings.

32
Q

What is a specification?

A

A document which describes products, materials and work required in a project. It does not include cost and quantity, it is read alongside lists of quantities, work schedules and drawings.

33
Q

What are the different types of specification?

A

1) Performance (open) specifications
+ Describe the result required from particular items and leave it to the Contractor to meet the requirement.

2) Prescriptive specifications
+ Typically contained detailed descriptions inc. regulations, standards, specific materials and installations methods.

34
Q

What is a schedule of works?

A

A description of the work in list format often used on smaller projects or those involving alteration works prepared by designers.

35
Q

What supporting documentation could you include within a specification to the contractor(s)?

A

Specialist surveys such as structural engineer reports, drainage surveys etc.

36
Q

What is in the RICS Design & Specification guidance note?

A

Provides guidance on best practice guidance relevant to the tasks and processes of design and specification for small to medium-size construction projects.

37
Q

What are some things included in the RICS Design & Specification guidance note?

A
  • Principles behind the lead consultant role
  • Design process management
  • Establishing the project
  • Outlining design & specification
  • Preparing a detailed design
38
Q

What are the requirements that must be met when interpreting a client’s brief?

A

Assessing the client’s priorities between time, cost and quality for a project (and now sustainability)

39
Q

How can functional requirements of building materials impact on a project?

A

.g. insulation requirements can reduce the size of a room or loading requirements of a mezzanine can impact whether foundations will need to be dug or not.

40
Q

What are Building Regulations?

A

Set standards for design and construction of buildings to ensure health and safety for people in and around those buildings.

41
Q

When do Building Regulations apply?

A

On new builds, extensions, material alterations or installation, extension or alteration of existing services.

42
Q

What are Approved Documents?

A

Provide guidance for how Building Regulations can be implemented in construction. They are not legal documents.

43
Q

What are the benefits of Approved Documents?

A

Sets out an approved and standardised approach to achieve or meet the Building Regulation standards.

44
Q

New Bond Street, London
Staircase Reinstatement Concept Design

What Regulations did you had to consider when designing a Staircase?

A

I had to consider the Building Regulations specifically Approved Document K and M.

45
Q

New Bond Street, London
Staircase Reinstatement Concept Design

What is a concept design drawing?

A

There are drawings used by designs as a quick and simple way of exploring initial ideas for design. They can be used to explore more technical aspects of design, including constraints and layout.

46
Q

New Bond Street, London
Staircase Reinstatement Concept Design

What considerations did you take from the Building Regulations?

A

Park K

Rise (Min 150mm / Max 170mm)
* Going (Min 250 / Max 400 mm)
* No. of stairs
* Headroom a minimum of 2m
* Width min between handrail 1m
* No more than 36 risers before a change of direction.
* Handrails 900 – 1000m from the pitch of the stair

RICS APC Building Surveying 2023 (18 decks)

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