Teat Surgery Flashcards
1
Q
teat anatomy
A
- Rosette of Furstenberg (venous annularring) separates teat sinus from gland sinus
- Teat wall has the following layers:
> Inner layer: Epithelial lining, Submucosa
> Intermediate layer: connective tissue, smooth muscle layer
> Outer layer: Stratified squamous epithelium - Teat sphincter and streak canal allow passage of milk and prevent ascending infection
2
Q
Examination of teat
A
- Visual inspection: color, shape, size, location of laceration
- Palpation: determine presence of pain and any obstructive tissue
- Hand or machine milking to determine milk flow
- CMT for evidence of mastitis
- Probing streak canal with teat probe to compare its length with a healthy streak canal
- Probing the teat and gland sinus with a teat cannula for obstructing tissue in the area
- Injecting methylene blue to assess conjoined teat
- Ultrasound and endoscopy to assess obstructive tissues
3
Q
Restraint and anesthesia
A
- Restrained on tilt table, surgery table or in trough
- Xylazine if needed
- Local anesthesia: ring block at base of
teat - Tourniquet at base of teat if pathology allows it
4
Q
Teat lacerations
- may have what characteristics?
- what heal better?
A
- Partial or full thickness
- Perforating into streak canal, teat sinus, or gland sinus
- Longitudinal lacerations heal better than horizontal lacerations because blood flows from base toward apex of teat
5
Q
Teat lacerations - how to repair?
A
- Carefully debride wound margins, preserve as much tissue as possible
- In full thickness lacerations, a 3 layer closure:
- submucosa (continuous suture pattern)
- intermediate layer (continuous suture pattern)
- skin (interrupted sutures)
- Use size 3-0 or 4-0 suture material
6
Q
Teat lacerations post operative management
A
- Passive milk drainage every other day
- Intra-mammary antimicrobials every 4 days
7
Q
teat laceration repair complcaitions
A
- Partial or total wound dehiscence
- Fistula formation
- Impaired milk flow
- Increased somatic cell count and acute mastitis
