TCP/IP layer

Question 1

what are the TCP/IP layers? (4)

Answer 1

TCP and IP are two separate computer network protocols. The layers of TCP/IP are Application, Transport, Internet and Link layers

Question 2

application layer

Answer 2

network applications such as web browsers or email programs operate at this layer

Question 3

transport layer

Answer 3

sets up communication between the two hosts and they agree settings such as language and size packets

Question 4

internet layer

Answer 4

addresses and packages data for transmission and routes packets across the network

Question 5

link layer

Answer 5

actual network hardware is located here
e.g. a network interface card (NIC),
operating systems also sit here

Question 6

why are network protocols important?

Answer 6

it sets a standard

Question 7

ethernet, area/purpose

Answer 7

ethernet is a family of related protocols

purpose: communication/data transfer

Question 8

wi-fi, area/purpose

Answer 8

wi-fi is a family of related protocols

purpose: communication/ data transfer

Question 9

TCP, area/purpose

Answer 9

transmission control protocol

purpose: communicate over LANs and WANs

Question 10

IP, area/purpose

Answer 10

internet protocol

purpose: communicate over LANs and WANs

Question 11

HTTP, area/purpose

Answer 11

hypertext transfer protocol

purpose: webpage requests

Question 12

HTTPS, area/purpose

Answer 12

hypertext transfer protocol secure

purpose: webpage requests

Question 13

FTP, area/purpose

Answer 13

file transfer protocol

purpose: file transfers

Question 14

IMAP, area/purpose

Answer 14

internet message access protocol

purpose: email

Question 15

SMTP, area/purpose

Answer 15

simple mail transfer protocol

purpose: email

Question 16

POP3

Answer 16

post office protocol v3

purpose: email

Question 17

how does the TCP/IP protocol stack make the foundation of communication over the internet?

Answer 17

the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) provides an error free transmission between two routers and the Internet Protocol (IP) routes packets across a wide area network.

Question 18

what do ethernet and wi-fi have in common?

Answer 18

they are both not strictly protocols.

Question 19

the generic term for networks which make heavy use of Wi-Fi?

Answer 19

WLANS

Question 20

why use imap when setting up a new email account?

Answer 20

allows you to access your email wherever you are, from any device

Question 21

email protocols

Answer 21

SMTP, POP3, IMAP

Question 22

the concept of layers

Answer 22

to divide the complex task of networking into smaller simpler tasks that work for each other

the hardware/software for each layer has a defined responsibility.

each layer provides a service to the layer above it

Question 23

advantages of layering

Answer 23

1. reduces the complexity of the problem into managable sub-problems
2. devices can be manufactured to operate at a particular layer.
3. products from different vendors will work together

Question 24

the application layer contains the protocols…

Answer 24

FTP,HTTP,HTTPS,SMTP, IMAP

Question 25

the transport layer contains the protocols… (2)

Answer 25

TCP, UDP

Question 26

the internet layer contains the protocol…

Answer 26

IP

Question 27

the link layer contains the protocols… (4)

Answer 27

copper, twister pair, fibre, Wi-Fi

Question 28

HTTP function

Answer 28

a way for a client and server to send and receive requests, and to deliver to HTML pages

Question 29

what is the fundamental protocol of the World Wide Web (WWW)

Answer 29

HTTP

Question 30

HTTP and HTTPS are effectively the same except it adds…

Answer 30

encryption and authentication. Should be used when a website needs to deal with sensitive information such as passwords or bank account details

Question 31

FTP protocol function

Answer 31

used for sending files between computers, normally on a wide area network (WAN)