TCP/IP layer Flashcards
what are the TCP/IP layers? (4)
TCP and IP are two separate computer network protocols. The layers of TCP/IP are Application, Transport, Internet and Link layers
application layer
network applications such as web browsers or email programs operate at this layer
transport layer
sets up communication between the two hosts and they agree settings such as language and size packets
internet layer
addresses and packages data for transmission and routes packets across the network
link layer
actual network hardware is located here
e.g. a network interface card (NIC),
operating systems also sit here
why are network protocols important?
it sets a standard
ethernet, area/purpose
ethernet is a family of related protocols
purpose: communication/data transfer
wi-fi, area/purpose
wi-fi is a family of related protocols
purpose: communication/ data transfer
TCP, area/purpose
transmission control protocol
purpose: communicate over LANs and WANs
IP, area/purpose
internet protocol
purpose: communicate over LANs and WANs
HTTP, area/purpose
hypertext transfer protocol
purpose: webpage requests
HTTPS, area/purpose
hypertext transfer protocol secure
purpose: webpage requests
FTP, area/purpose
file transfer protocol
purpose: file transfers
IMAP, area/purpose
internet message access protocol
purpose: email
SMTP, area/purpose
simple mail transfer protocol
purpose: email
POP3
post office protocol v3
purpose: email
how does the TCP/IP protocol stack make the foundation of communication over the internet?
the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) provides an error free transmission between two routers and the Internet Protocol (IP) routes packets across a wide area network.
what do ethernet and wi-fi have in common?
they are both not strictly protocols.
the generic term for networks which make heavy use of Wi-Fi?
WLANS
why use imap when setting up a new email account?
allows you to access your email wherever you are, from any device
email protocols
SMTP, POP3, IMAP
the concept of layers
to divide the complex task of networking into smaller simpler tasks that work for each other
the hardware/software for each layer has a defined responsibility.
each layer provides a service to the layer above it
advantages of layering
- reduces the complexity of the problem into managable sub-problems
- devices can be manufactured to operate at a particular layer.
- products from different vendors will work together
the application layer contains the protocols…
FTP,HTTP,HTTPS,SMTP, IMAP
the transport layer contains the protocols… (2)
TCP, UDP
the internet layer contains the protocol…
IP
the link layer contains the protocols… (4)
copper, twister pair, fibre, Wi-Fi
HTTP function
a way for a client and server to send and receive requests, and to deliver to HTML pages
what is the fundamental protocol of the World Wide Web (WWW)
HTTP
HTTP and HTTPS are effectively the same except it adds…
encryption and authentication. Should be used when a website needs to deal with sensitive information such as passwords or bank account details
FTP protocol function
used for sending files between computers, normally on a wide area network (WAN)
