paper 1 - another one

Question 1

name three types of utility software

Answer 1

• Anti-virus
• Anti-spyware
• Firewall

Question 2

Instructions written in a high-level language must be
converted to_____ so that they can be executed by the _____

Answer 2

binary / CPU

Question 3

Explain one reason why compiled code helps protect intellectual property

Answer 3

Compiled code is not human readable, so nobody else can alter it

Question 4

State the name of the component of the CPU that performs comparisons

Answer 4

Arithmetic Logic Unit / ALU

Question 5

State the function of cache memory

Answer 5

To store frequently used instructions

Question 6

Explain why it is important for computing technology to be inclusive

Answer 6

Inclusion reduces the divide in society because more people have access

Question 7

Describe one freedom that open source software provides to developers

Answer 7

Freedom to view the source code and modify/distribute it

Question 8

Describe how abstraction could be applied to playing cards when creating a
card game to run on a computer

Answer 8

essential features e.g colour / rank can be used to represent a general model of the card

Question 9

Capital to Lowercase in ASCII

Answer 9

+32

Question 10

Compare the use of 8 bits and 24 bits to represent sound

Answer 10

Sample resolution - More levels of amplitude can be represented (with 24 bits)

Accuracy of representation - The sound is more like the original (with 24 bits)

Question 11

what happens when you have to add too many 1’s at the end of an addition?

Answer 11

overflow error - because there are not enough available bits

Question 12

Explain why a game console requires RAM.

Answer 12

To store actions /progress during the game because this data is changeable

Question 13

Describe how hardware and software work together to start a computer

Answer 13

ROM contains the BIOS that loads the operating system from secondary storage into RAM

Question 14

Compare the storage media options available to a cloud storage provider.

Answer 14

Lower order responses: -
HDD vs SSD
Low cost/High capacity vs High cost/Low capacity
Low vs High energy efficiency
Slow vs fast access speeds
Higher order responses:
Access speeds negated by network latency
SSD access speeds faster, so could be used for database software to provide quicker lookups.
Larger storage capacity means used for file storage provided by HDD
Files written to SSD as faster and then permanently stored / Backed up to HDD
Frequently stored data ‘cached’ on SSD.

Question 15

Identify one way in which a WAN differs from a LAN.

Answer 15

WANs are always connected via gateways

Question 16

Explain why the IMAP protocol is more suitable for this than the POP3 protocol.

Answer 16

• IMAP retains the data on a server (1) which can be read by any
  computer (1)
• POP3 downloads the data to the client (1) so it would not be available from a different computer (1

Question 17

Describe the role of the transmission control protocol (TCP).

Answer 17

Splits the data into packets (1) and numbers them (1)
using a checksum (1) to see if packets have been delivered correctly
(1) to avoid error/data corruption detection (1) before reordering
them at their destination (1)

Question 18

Describe the role of a server in a client-server network.

Answer 18

Responds to incoming client requests by supplying a service

Question 19

A company stores data about employees on networked computers.
Discuss the methods available to maintain network security and protect the data
from cyberattacks.

Answer 19

Validation and authentication techniques (access control, physical security and firewalls)
* Security issues associated with the ‘cloud’ and other contemporary storage
* Different forms of cyberattack (based on technical weaknesses and behaviour) including social
engineering (phishing, shoulder surfing), unpatched software, USB devices, digital devices and
eavesdropping
* Methods of identifying vulnerabilities including penetration testing, ethical hacking, commercial
analysis tools and review of network and user policies
* How to protect software systems from cyber-attacks, including considerations at the design stage,
audit trails, securing operating systems, code reviews to remove code vulnerabilities in
programming languages and bad programming practices, modular testing and effective network
security provision