TBL Modules 1-3 Questions Flashcards
What is unilateral chorea of the proximal limb?
hemiballismus
Which gait is associated with cerebral stroke?
hemiplegic
Which gait is associated with UMN lesion?
spastic diplegic
Which gait is associated with LMN lesion?
neuropathic
Which gait is associated with muscular dystrophy?
myopathic
Which gait is associated with cerebellar damage?
ataxic
Which gait has a steppage gait?
neuropathic
Which gait has a wide based gait?
ataxic
Which gait has a foot drop gait?
neuropathic
Which gait has a scissor gait?
spastic diplegic
Which tremor associated with Parkinson’s disease involves the fingers and thumb?
pill rolling tremor
Which condition presents with Kayser Fleischer Rings?
wilson’s disease
This rare pathology is often misdiagnosed as early parkinson’s disease until it affects the vertical gaze
progressive supranuclear palsy
How does abnormal huntingtin protein effect the body?
causes premature cell death
These lab findings are associated with wilson’s disease EXCEPT:
A) high serum levels of copper
B) face of the panda on MRI
C) liver biopsy confirming damage to copper toxicity
D) kayser fleischer rings
D) kayser fleischer rings
(this is a finding for wilson’s disease but its an observation not a lab finding!!!)
Which sign is a result of a bradykinesia combined with muscle rigidity in parkinson’s disease?
A) hypophonia
B) mask like face
C) resting tremor
D) stooped posture
B) mask like face
Which 2 conditions are known to be genertically inherited?
A) huntingtons
B) progressive supranuclear palsy
C) wilsons
D) parkinsons
A) huntingtons & C) wilsons
Which condition is associated with alpha synuclein inclusion bodies killing neurons?
parkinsons
Which of the following conditions is associated with bilateral chorea movement disorder?
huntingtons
Which part of the CNS is affected in parkinsons?
substantia nigra
Which part of the CNS is affected in huntingtons?
caudate nucleus
Which part of the CNS is affected in wilsons?
putamen
Which part of the CNS is affected in PSP?
CN III nuclei
Which condition shows the prescense of tau containing inclusion bodies in neruons?
A) huntingtons
B) wilsons
C) PSP
D) parkinsons
C) PSP
Which condition is associated with too many CAG repeats?
huntingtons
What are the clinical triad categories associated with parkinsons disease?
tremor, bradykinesia, and muscle rigidity
Wilsons disease is primarily considered a ____________ system condition
digestive
How does parkinsons affect the patient’s handwriting?
micrographia
Parkinson’s disease can present with the neck in _________ whereas PSP can present with the neck in ______________
flexion, extension
Which condition does not present with a tremor?
A) huntingtons
B) wilsons
C) PSP
D) parkinsons
C) PSP
Which condition shows a gross anatomical finding loss of dopaminergic neurons?
parkinsons
An accumulation of neurofibrillary tangles is seen in brain neurons with?
PSP
Which clinical sign is typically noticed first with alzheimers?
intermittent short term memory loss
What are the lab diagnostic hallmarks of alzheimers disease?
beta amyloid plaque and neurofibrillary tangles
How does aggregates of beta amyloid plaques affect nerve communication?
physically blocks neurotransmitters in the synapse
Which condition only kills voluntary motor neurons?
ALS
Which situation is believed to be the initial event in the onset of alzheimers?
aggregation of beta amyloid proteins
What condition affects alzheimers dementia?
the larger the amount of neurofibrillary tangles the more severe the dementia
What condition is the more common cause of early onset of dementia?
frontotemporal lobar degeneration
All of the following pathologies are associated with abnormal tau proteins EXCEPT
A) PSP
B) alzheimers
C) huntingtons
D) picks
C) huntingtons
What is the role of microglia cells in alzheimers disease?
clear away aggregation of beta amyloid plaques
Which CNS structure is damaged by ALS?
LCST
Which condition is an autoimmune disorder?
MS
Which structure is damaged by MS?
myelin
Which cranial nerves can be affected by MS?
optic and trigeminal
What spinal cord gray matter is affected by ALS?
mostly the ventral horns
Which regions of the world are at the greater risk for developing MS?
North America
Which condition presents with personality changes preceding memory loss?
frontotemporal lobar dementia
What is caused by hyperphosphorylation of tau proteins?
neurofibrillary tangles
Which condition causes damage in oligodendrocytes?
MS
A 32 y/o female recently moved to SC from CT. She presents in your office with a cc of intermittent muscle spasms, muscle weakness, unilateral visual impairment, and urinary incontinence. The patient reports that about a year ago she experienced similar symptoms that lasted a couple months but they went away on their own. What is this condition?
MS
A 32 y/o male recently moved to SC from CT. He presents in your office with a cc of intermittent muscle spams, muscle weakness, and difficulty articulating words. The patient reports that the symptoms began about a year ago and have gradually gotten worse. What is the condition?
ALS
