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Neuropathophysiology > TBL Modules 1-3 Questions > Flashcards

TBL Modules 1-3 Questions Flashcards

1
Q

What is unilateral chorea of the proximal limb?

A

hemiballismus

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2
Q

Which gait is associated with cerebral stroke?

A

hemiplegic

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3
Q

Which gait is associated with UMN lesion?

A

spastic diplegic

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4
Q

Which gait is associated with LMN lesion?

A

neuropathic

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5
Q

Which gait is associated with muscular dystrophy?

A

myopathic

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6
Q

Which gait is associated with cerebellar damage?

A

ataxic

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7
Q

Which gait has a steppage gait?

A

neuropathic

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8
Q

Which gait has a wide based gait?

A

ataxic

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9
Q

Which gait has a foot drop gait?

A

neuropathic

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10
Q

Which gait has a scissor gait?

A

spastic diplegic

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11
Q

Which tremor associated with Parkinson’s disease involves the fingers and thumb?

A

pill rolling tremor

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12
Q

Which condition presents with Kayser Fleischer Rings?

A

wilson’s disease

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13
Q

This rare pathology is often misdiagnosed as early parkinson’s disease until it affects the vertical gaze

A

progressive supranuclear palsy

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14
Q

How does abnormal huntingtin protein effect the body?

A

causes premature cell death

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15
Q

These lab findings are associated with wilson’s disease EXCEPT:
A) high serum levels of copper
B) face of the panda on MRI
C) liver biopsy confirming damage to copper toxicity
D) kayser fleischer rings

A

D) kayser fleischer rings

(this is a finding for wilson’s disease but its an observation not a lab finding!!!)

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16
Q

Which sign is a result of a bradykinesia combined with muscle rigidity in parkinson’s disease?
A) hypophonia
B) mask like face
C) resting tremor
D) stooped posture

A

B) mask like face

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17
Q

Which 2 conditions are known to be genertically inherited?
A) huntingtons
B) progressive supranuclear palsy
C) wilsons
D) parkinsons

A

A) huntingtons & C) wilsons

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18
Q

Which condition is associated with alpha synuclein inclusion bodies killing neurons?

A

parkinsons

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19
Q

Which of the following conditions is associated with bilateral chorea movement disorder?

A

huntingtons

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20
Q

Which part of the CNS is affected in parkinsons?

A

substantia nigra

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21
Q

Which part of the CNS is affected in huntingtons?

A

caudate nucleus

22
Q

Which part of the CNS is affected in wilsons?

A

putamen

23
Q

Which part of the CNS is affected in PSP?

A

CN III nuclei

24
Q

Which condition shows the prescense of tau containing inclusion bodies in neruons?
A) huntingtons
B) wilsons
C) PSP
D) parkinsons

A

C) PSP

25
Q

Which condition is associated with too many CAG repeats?

A

huntingtons

26
Q

What are the clinical triad categories associated with parkinsons disease?

A

tremor, bradykinesia, and muscle rigidity

27
Q

Wilsons disease is primarily considered a ____________ system condition

A

digestive

28
Q

How does parkinsons affect the patient’s handwriting?

A

micrographia

29
Q

Parkinson’s disease can present with the neck in _________ whereas PSP can present with the neck in ______________

A

flexion, extension

30
Q

Which condition does not present with a tremor?
A) huntingtons
B) wilsons
C) PSP
D) parkinsons

A

C) PSP

31
Q

Which condition shows a gross anatomical finding loss of dopaminergic neurons?

A

parkinsons

32
Q

An accumulation of neurofibrillary tangles is seen in brain neurons with?

A

PSP

33
Q

Which clinical sign is typically noticed first with alzheimers?

A

intermittent short term memory loss

34
Q

What are the lab diagnostic hallmarks of alzheimers disease?

A

beta amyloid plaque and neurofibrillary tangles

35
Q

How does aggregates of beta amyloid plaques affect nerve communication?

A

physically blocks neurotransmitters in the synapse

36
Q

Which condition only kills voluntary motor neurons?

A

ALS

37
Q

Which situation is believed to be the initial event in the onset of alzheimers?

A

aggregation of beta amyloid proteins

38
Q

What condition affects alzheimers dementia?

A

the larger the amount of neurofibrillary tangles the more severe the dementia

39
Q

What condition is the more common cause of early onset of dementia?

A

frontotemporal lobar degeneration

40
Q

All of the following pathologies are associated with abnormal tau proteins EXCEPT
A) PSP
B) alzheimers
C) huntingtons
D) picks

A

C) huntingtons

41
Q

What is the role of microglia cells in alzheimers disease?

A

clear away aggregation of beta amyloid plaques

42
Q

Which CNS structure is damaged by ALS?

A

LCST

43
Q

Which condition is an autoimmune disorder?

A

MS

44
Q

Which structure is damaged by MS?

A

myelin

45
Q

Which cranial nerves can be affected by MS?

A

optic and trigeminal

46
Q

What spinal cord gray matter is affected by ALS?

A

mostly the ventral horns

47
Q

Which regions of the world are at the greater risk for developing MS?

A

North America

48
Q

Which condition presents with personality changes preceding memory loss?

A

frontotemporal lobar dementia

49
Q

What is caused by hyperphosphorylation of tau proteins?

A

neurofibrillary tangles

50
Q

Which condition caused damage in oligodendrocytes?

A

MS

51
Q

A 32 y/o female recently moved to SC from CT. She presents in your office with a cc of intermittent muscle spasms, muscle weakness, unilateral visual impairment, and urinary incontinence. The patient reports that about a year ago she experienced similar symptoms that lasted a couple months but they went away on their own. What is this condition?

A

MS

52
Q

A 32 y/o male recently moved to SC from CT. He presents in your office with a cc of intermittent muscle spams, muscle weakness, and difficulty articulating words. The patient reports that the symptoms began about a year ago and have gradually gotten worse. What is the condition?

A

ALS

Neuropathophysiology (10 decks)

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