TBL extra content Flashcards
Flooded areas in which the water is shallow enough to enable growth of bottom rooted plants
Wetlands
Arms of the ocean into which streams flow; breeding group of marine life
estuaries
Disappearance of thermal stratification when the epilimnion and hypolimnion are equal temperature; body of water behaves as a hydrological unit and mixes; generally occurs in the spring
overturn
the formation of distinct layers within non flowing bodies of water due to temperature difference and density
thermal stratification
living organism
biota
utilize organic substances produced by autotrophic organisms as energy sources and as the raw materials for the synthesis of their own biomass
heterotrophic
utilize solar or chemical energy to fix elements from simple nonliving inorganic material into complex life molecules that compose living organisms
autotrophic
consists mostly of bacteria and fungi which break down material of biological origin to the simple compounds originally fixed by autotrophs
decomposers/reducers
while dissolved oxygen is fatal to ______ _____, it is crucial for fish
anaerobic bacteria
Reaeration of the water is dependent on limit of _______ from the surface, ______, _____ size, and ______
transfer-rate, turbulence, air bubble, temperature
At higher temperatures, there is ______ of organic matter, resulting in lower _____, increased ______ rate of organisms, and lower ______
degradation, Oxygen, respiration, O2 solubility
Except for _____ there is no other chemical reaction that replenishes dissolved oxygen
photosynthesis
oxygen can sink and are consumed by algae as part of the _______ processes, can be consumed by _____ of biomass, or ______
metabolic, degradation, pollutants
all rainfall is slightly _____ due to the dissolved CO2
acidic
too high concentrations of CO2 in water affects ______ and ___ ____ of aquatic animals
respiration, gas exchange
formation of _____ and ______ increases solubility of CO2
HCO3, CO3
water lacking alkalinity in equilibrium with the atmosphere contains very low (dissolved) _____ levels
CO2
CO2 should not exceed _____mg/L in water
25
Most CO2 in the water is a product of the breakdown of ____ ___ by _____, or by metabolic processes by ______
organic matter, bacterial, algae
When calcium carbonate is dissolved because of dissolved CO2, producing HCO3
limestone caves
only a small amount of______ is actually present in the water
H2CO3
Pure water equilibriated with an unpolluted atmosphere is still slightly _____, because _____ dissociates partly in water to produce HCO3 and _____(from the weak acid H2CO3)
acidic, CO2, H+
titration with acid to pH at which HCO3 is the predominate carbonate species (pH = 8.3)
phenolphthalein alkalinity
alkalinity serves as a ______ buffer, a reservoir for ______ ________, and can be used to determine the ability of water to support ____ _____, and as a measure of water ______
pH, inorganic carbon, algal growth, fertility
