TBI (traumatic Brain Injuries)

Question 1

What does ABI stand for?

Answer 1

Acquired brain injury= which can be traumatic or non-traumatic eg, strokes, anoxia

Question 2

What is a traumatic brain injury?

Answer 2

An injury to the brain caused by traumatic events eg.road traffic accidents

Question 3

What are the 3 classifications of TBI?

Answer 3

Closed head injuries,
Open-wound injuries,
Crushing injuries,

Question 4

What is a closed head injury and what are the characteristics?

Answer 4

When the brain is rattled or traumatised inside the skull.
The characteristics include:
Temporary disruptions to brain function.

Question 5

What is a intercrainial haematoma?

Answer 5

Rupture blood vessels causing blood to pool around the brain or in between the brain and the skull

Question 6

What is cerebral contusion?

Answer 6

Bleeding in the brain

Question 7

What are open wound injuries?

Answer 7

Life threatening injury which occurs when a forceful blow to the head which penetrates the skull.

Question 8

What is a crushing injury?

Answer 8

Occur when the brain is compressed between to objects. Theses are the most damaging.

Question 9

What is coup contra coup?

Answer 9

This is a atonal diffusion injury where signals may not be sent due to the stretching or bulging of injury as a result of a head injury.

Question 10

What are the immediate symptoms of TBI?

Answer 10

Difficulty to concentrate,
Changes in consciousness,
Headaches and dizziness,
Vomiting,
Dilated pupils,
Swelling at sight of blow to the head,
Difficulty breathing,
Hallucinations,
Difficulty communicating

Question 11

What is a vegetative state?

Answer 11

It is when there is no conscious awareness of themselves or surroundings, but sleep-wake cycles occur.

Question 12

What are the 3 types of reduced awareness?

Answer 12

Vegetative state,
Minimally conscious rate,
Locked-in syndrome,

Question 13

What is locked in syndrome?

Answer 13

A rare condition where a person is aware of there surrondings but unable to move or speak, usually they have eye movement which means they may be able to communicate by blinking.

Question 14

What are lobes are usually affected by coup-contracoup?

Answer 14

Frontal and occipital lobes.

Question 15

What is an ABI?

Anoxic brain injury

Answer 15

It’s a non-traumatic brain injury where the brain is deprived of oxygen. This causes the neural cells to die through apoptosis( brain cells simultaneously dying) leaving people with diminished brain function.

Question 16

How long can a Brian survive without injury?

Answer 16

4 minutes max, but 30 seconds can cause severe brain damage.

Question 17

What are the immediate signs of anoxic brain injury?

Answer 17

Confusion,
Loss of consciousness,
Feeling woozy,
Tingling and numbing in body areas.
Vomiting

Question 18

What problems does damage Frontal lobe lead to?

Answer 18

PROBLEMS:
Sequencing,
Decision making,
Attention,
Personality,
Problem solving,
Verbal expression,
Decrease in voluntary movements

Question 19

What problems occur when there’s damage to the Temporal lobe?

Answer 19

PROBLEMS WITH:
Spoken word,
Aggression,
Inhibitors,
Selective attention,
Facial recognition,
Finding and  knowledge about objects

Question 20

What problems can be experienced when the Partial lobe is damaged?

Answer 20

PROBLEMS WITH:
Object-classification( naming),
Tactitle processing (unable to decide what there fingers are touching)
Hand eye coordination,
Spatial orientation,
Cognitive ability

Question 21

What problems occur when there is damage to the Occipital lobe?

Answer 21

PROBLEMS SITH:
Loss of visual field,
Identifying colour,
Hallucination,
Movement perception,
Visual processing

Question 22

What problems occur when there is damage to the Cerebellum?

Answer 22

PROBLEMS WITH:
Loss of fine and gross coordination,
Voluntary movement losses,
Balances and coordination,
Posture control,
Eye movement

Question 23

What problems occur when there is damage to the Brain stem?

Answer 23

PROBLEMS WITH:
Body temp regulation,
Heart rate regulation,
Breathing regulation,
Balance and movement,
Swallowing, 
Vertigo,
Nausea