TB Flashcards
1
Q
1st line TB treatment
A
Intenstive 2 months
- Rif, INH, PZA, etham
Continuation phase 4 months
- RIf, INH
2
Q
When do patients become sputum negative?
A
After 2 months
3
Q
Role of INH
A
- NB in early therapy
- bactericidal
- rapidly reduces bacterial count
- active mainly against aerobic organisms in cavities
4
Q
Role of Rif
A
- killing slow metabolisers
- sterilizing patient’s sputum
5
Q
Role of PZA
A
- active at low pH
- ideal for killing organisms inside causeous necrotic foci
6
Q
MOA of INH and Etham
A
Inhibits cell wall synthesis
7
Q
MOA of Rif
A
Inhibits RNA synthesis
- binds to the subunit of bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase
8
Q
MOA of PZA
A
- disrupts plasma membrane
- disrupts energy metabolism
9
Q
Adverse effects of INH
A
- dose and duration related
- peripheral neuropathy
- hepatitis
10
Q
Pharmacokinetics
A
Produg - activated by cKatG,
Penetrates tissues well
Genetically determined acetylation
11
Q
Toxicity effects of rifampicin
A
- rash, fever, nausea, vomiting
- hepatitis
- hypersensitivity
12
Q
Pharmacokinetics of RIF
A
- variable absorption (food decreases)
- excreted into bile
- autoinduction
- strong CYP inducer
13
Q
Challenges of dual HIV/TB therapy
A
- Drug-drug interactions
- overlapping toxicity
- pill burden
- IRIS
14
Q
Toxicity effects of PZA
A
- hepatitis
- gout
- hypersensitivity
15
Q
Pharmacokinetics of PZA
A
- penetrates tissues well
- active at low pH
