Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Bacteriology 2 > Taylorella and Bordetella > Flashcards

Taylorella and Bordetella Flashcards

1
Q

Taylorella characteristics

A

-small gram negative cocco-bacilli within the Alcaligenaceae family

-biocontainment level 2

-carboxyphilic, facultative anaerobe

-Taylorella equigenitalis is a notifiable disease in Canada

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Bordetella characteristics

A

-small gram negative cocco-bacilli
-biocontainment level 2
-obligate aerobes
-non fermentaive
-highly contagious

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Taylorella host

A

-host associated
-equine genital tract

**dont like environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Bordetella habitat or host

A

-respiratory tract of many species (healthy and diseased animals)

-pigs, dogs, rabbits, people

B. bronchoseptica has an environmental reservoir in amoeba

**dont like environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Bordetella virulence factors

A
  1. Adenylate cyclase haemolysin- inhibits phagocytosis and local immune response

2.Dermonecrotic toxin- amount may be linked with virulence. Inhibitory towards porcine osteoblasts

  1. Fimbriae
  2. Tracheal cytotoxin-damages ciliated tracheal epithelial cells
  3. Type 3 secretion system
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

B. pertussis

A

Contained pertussis toxin- responsible for whooping cough

-has 5, 2 part subunits
-leads to increased cAMP, increased insulin, and inhibits WBC recruitment and chemokine production (innate response)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

T. equigenitalis

A

-contagious equine metritis, transmitted during natural mating or AI

Mares: vaginal discharge 2-7 days after breeding; return to estrus

Stallions: does not result in clinical disease, silent carriers. Found in smegma accumulating in urethral fossa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Treatment and control of T. equigenitalis

A

Notifiable disease- contact CFIA

Treatment: antimicrobials, daily cleaning of culva and clitoris

Control: careful selection of studs, screening of stallions, import control (horses from endemic regions)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

B. avium

A

-causes Turkey Coryza (upper respiratory disease= sneezing/snick, nasal discharge, altered vocalization, mouth breathing)
-rare in chickens

-highly infectious up to 100% of flock; low mortality=40% if secondary invaders

-affects young birds (less than 4 weeks)

-7-10 day incubation period

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Transmission of B. avium

A

-direct contact
-contaminated feed, water, litter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Treatment and control of B. avium

A

-antimicrobials (tetracyclines)
-vaccines
-biosecurity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

B. bronchiseptica

A

-infections of respiratory tract in young pigs
-pneumonia and atrophic rhinitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Atrophic rhinitis

A

Typically used by complex of P. multocida type D or A and Bordetella bronchiseptica

-BB starts infection causing damage and allowing PM to enter and causing epithelial hypoplasia, atrophy of mucous glands, osteolysis

-Dermonecrotic inhibits osteoblasts and results in atrophy of nasal turbinates and shrinking snout

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

B. bronchiseptica in dogs

A

-causes Kennel cough
-often polymicrobial with parainfluenza, influenza, herpes, and canine adenovirus

-incubation 3-10 days
-clinically inapparent infections possible as well as long term subclinical infections

-contagious!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Clinical signs of B. bronchiseptica

A

-Paroxysmal, productive cough with retching

-swollen vocal cords result in unusual sounding cough

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Diagnosis of B. bronchiseptica in dogs

A

Patient history
-lack of vaccine in past 6 mths
-contact with other dogs

17
Q

Treatment of B. bronchiseptica

A

-antimicrobials in severe cases

-supportive therapy (anti inflammatories, antitussives, bronchodilators)

-vaccines
>modified live= intranasal
**stimulates immunity right at site that infection would occur BUT modified live can return to virulence
>whole cell and antigen extract= SQ
>Modified live= oral

-vaccinate against other respiratory pathogens can help reduce severity of disease

18
Q

B. bronchiseptica in cats

A

-less common than in dogs
-may be associated with infected dogs

-pneumonia in young kittens= severe
-Cough is uncommon in cats
-see sneezing, mucopurulent nasal and ocular discharge

19
Q

Treatment for B. bronchiseptica in cats

A

-doxycycline

20
Q

B. bronchiseptica in rabbits

A

-see rhinitis, pneumonia, otitis media/interna
-very common finding in rabbits with respiratory disease

-can act as carrier for more susceptible animals such as guinea pigs

21
Q

B. bronchiseptica in guinea pigs

A

**guinea pigs are most susceptible to Bordetella infections
-likely serious disease, not carrier state

-respiratory infections with high mortality rate

22
Q

Whooping cough in children

A

-most common childhood disease

-highly effective vaccines

-3 phases: Prodromal, Paroxysmal, Convalescent

23
Q

3 phases of Whooping cough

A
  1. Prodromal- cold or flu like symptoms
  2. Paroxysmal- 7-14 days after prodromal; coughing then gasps for air. Includes cyanosis and vomiting
  3. Convalescent- within 4 weeks on onset, decreased occurrence of paroxysms
24
Q

Whooping cough in adults

A

-atypical pertussis
-occurs in high density living= university and military housing
-up to 25% of those cough of more than 6 days duration
-highly contagious

25
Q

Taylorella equigenitalis sample and handling

A

1.swabs or biopsies
-Mares: cervix, uterus, clitorial fossa
-Stallions: urethra, urethral fossa, prepuce

  1. collect samples prior to antimicrobials, disinfect tissues before collection
26
Q

Bordetella collection and handling

A

-nasal or tracheal swabs
>do not ude cotton swabs

-bronchoalveolar lavage

-transtracheal wash

**transport media important

27
Q

Lab ID

A

Taylorella
-culture, MALDI-TOF, PCR

Bordetella
-culture (blood agar, centrimide agar)
-serology
-fluorescent antibody test on tissue sections

28
Q

Zoonoses

A

1.Taylorella only in horses

  1. Bordetella all considered zoonotic
  2. B. bronchiseptica- isolated from whooping cough like illness. Can be pathogenic in weaker immune individuals (kids, AIDS, sick)
29
Q

Treatment of Taylorella

A

-antimicrobials
no susceptibility testing

30
Q

Treatment of Bordetella

A

-susceptibility to antimicrobials vary
-Cephalosporin resistance! DONT USE

-USE tetracyclines

Bacteriology 2 (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions