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Review Flashcards - 6th Grade > Taxonomy and Evolution > Flashcards

Taxonomy and Evolution Flashcards

1
Q

What is classification?

A

The process by which scientists group organisms into related groups

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2
Q

What is a taxon?

A

a category of organisms determined by similar characteristics

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3
Q

List the taxons using this acronym: Dumb King Phillip Came Over For Great Spaghetti

A

Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus species

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4
Q

What is the missing requirement for an organism to be considered alive: made of cells, grows and changes, ____________, able to reproduce, obtains and uses energy, evolves and adapts

A

responds to stimuli

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5
Q

Digestion, gas exchange, and locomotion are examples of what?

A

Life functions

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6
Q

How many life functions are there?

A

8

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7
Q

What are the four general types of characteristics that scientists look at when determining an organism’s taxon?

A

external structures, internal structures, embryology, and genetics

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8
Q

What is binomial nomenclature?

A

It’s the two-part official name of an organism. It’s made of the genus and species (ex. Homo sapiens = humans; homo= genus, sapiens=species)

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9
Q

Which is bigger: a kingdom or a class?

A

kingdom

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10
Q

Which is smaller: a family or an order?

A

family

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11
Q

What are the three domains?

A

archaea, bacteria, eukarya

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12
Q

What are the six kingdoms?

A

Animalia, Fungi, Plantae, Protista, Archaebacteria, Eubacteria

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13
Q

Which phylum contains the vertebrates (animals with a spine)?

A

Chordata

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14
Q

Are the organisms in the kingdoms Animalia, Fungi, and Plantae, and Protista prokaryotic or eukaryotic?

A

eukaryotic, which means their cells have nuclei containing DNA

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15
Q

What class do we (humans) belong to?

A

Mammalia

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16
Q

What are some of the characteristics of Mammalia?

A

live birth to offspring, hair/fur, and produce milk to feed offspring from mammary glands

17
Q

Are there ever exceptions to the taxonomic system?

A

Yes; the purpose of the system to create some order out of millions of species, not to try to fit each and every species exactly where it needs to go

18
Q

What is evolution?

A

Evolution is the change in a species over time

19
Q

What causes evolution?

A

mutation, natural selection, and changes in environment

20
Q

Does a single organism ever evolve?

A

No; a single organism adapts. Species evolve when useful adaptations get passed down to the following generations.

21
Q

What is the term for how many individuals in a species have or do not have a particular characteristic?

A

the frequency of traits

22
Q

Charles Darwin is known for studying what particular feature of evolution?

A

natural selection

23
Q

What is natural selection?

A

It is “nature’s choice”; the way an organism’s environment determines what traits will help it survive and allows for those traits to be passed on to the next generation

24
Q

What does “survival of the fittest” mean?

A

It means that the organism with the traits that give it the best advantage in its environment is more likely to survive and pass on its traits

25
Q

What is competition in terms of evolution?

A

It is the “fight” between organisms to see who gets most of the limited resources in an ecosystem; it’s a big part of natural selection

26
Q

What is a mutation?

A

a slight change or shift in the DNA code of an organism

27
Q

What is the result of most mutations?

A

Nothing. No change takes place

28
Q

What happens if an organism DOES experience change in its traits from mutation?

A

Natural selection determines if the new trait is useful/helps the organism compete.

29
Q

The peppered moths of Industrial Age London changed their color as soot from factories made their habitat darker. Is this an example of adaptation or evolution?

A

Evolution; over time, the species changed.

30
Q

Your body gets bigger, faster, and stronger if you train for a particular sport. Is this an example of adaptation or evolution?

A

Adaptation; you’re changing, but the species isn’t, because your changes won’t be passed down to your offspring.

Review Flashcards - 6th Grade (15 decks)

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