taxonomy Flashcards
1
Q
what ribosime is in eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic cell
A
eukaryotic: 80s
prokaryotic: 70s
2
Q
in prokaryotic flagella are made of:
A
flagellin
3
Q
in eukaryotic flagella are made of:
A
tubulin
4
Q
are introns in prokaryotic cells?
A
no
5
Q
whats a saprophytes
A
live off dead and decompose
6
Q
whats a heterotroph
A
gets its energy from oganic molecules produced by autotrophs
7
Q
whats a autotroph
A
creates their own organic molecules
8
Q
what are two types of autotrophes
A
photautotrophs - use light
chemoautotrphs- use inorganic molecules
9
Q
a parasite is a (autotroph/heterotroph. chemoautotrophs)
A
heterotroph
10
Q
a spirophyte is a (autotroph/heterotroph. chemoautotrophs)
A
heterotroph
11
Q
what is obligate anaerobes
A
needs to be away from oxygen
12
Q
what is obligate aerobes
A
needs oxygen
13
Q
what is facultative anaerobe
A
it grows in oxygen but does not need it for some metabolism ( anaerobic)
14
Q
methanogens, thermophiles and halophiles are what type of domain
A
archea
15
Q
what is a methanogen
A
anaerobes, produce methane, found in gi tract
16
Q
what is a thermophile
A
heat lovers, chemoautotrophs
17
Q
a thermophile is a (autotroph/heterotroph. chemoautotrophs)
A
chemoautotrophs
18
Q
what is a halophile
A
salt lovers
19
Q
halophyle is part of what domain
A
archea
20
Q
what is the difference between the cell walls of eubacteria and archea
A
archea has no peptidoglycan and eubacteria are made up of peptidoglycan
21
Q
what is the difference between the dna in eubacteria and archea and eukarya
A
archea and eukarya have histone proteins and eubacteria do not
22
Q
endospors are present in which domain
A
eubacteria
23
Q
cocccus bacteria belongs to what domain
A
eubacteria
24
Q
a thick peptidoglycan is on a gram (+/-)
A
+
25
a thin peptidoglycan is on a gram (+/-)
-
26
lipopolysacharides are on a gram (+/-)
-
27
teichoic acid is in gram (+/-)
+
28
no lipopolysacharides on a gram (+/-)
+
29
what are cyanobacteria & what domain are they apart of
eubacteria they are photosynthetic
30
nitrogen fixing and nitrifying bacteria are part of what domain
eubacteria
31
what type of recombination is only for prokaryotic cells
transduction
32
what is conjugation
it is when the bacterial cell transfers a plasmid via a pilus to another cell
33
what is a pilus
the thing used in conjugation to insert a new plasmid
34
what is transduction
when a virus inserts its dna into a bacteria
35
what is transformation
it is when a bacteria finds a plasmid and picks it up
36
retrovirus uses ________ during the lytic stage to make DNA from RNA
reverse transcriptase
37
when a virus hides out it is in its ________ stage
lysogenic stage
38
Protists live in
wet environments
39
are protist uni or multicellular
they can be both
40
what is a dinoflagellate? what domain and kingdom
plant like protist Eukarya, - unicellular plant like protist causes red tide parasitic and are both heterotrophic and autotrophic
41
what is euglenoids? what domain and kingdom
plant like protist eukarya- found in fresh water unicellulare that clump together
42
what is a diatom?what domain and kingdom
plant like protist eukarya- found in fresh and marine clump together and have cool shapes
43
is algea uni or multicellular
they can be both
44
what is chlorophyta and what kingdome and domain does it belong to?
plant like protista kingdom and eukarya domain
| it it green algea
45
is chlorophyta unicellular or multicellular
both
46
is rhodophyta unicellular or multicellular
multicellular
47
what is rhodophyta and what kingdome and domain does it belong to?
it is red algea that is multicellular eukarya domain plant like pritista
48
fungus like protists are made (with or without) chitin
without
49
fungus like protist are considered (autotroph/heterotroph/chemoautotrophs)
hereotrophs
50
which produce fungi fungus like protist or fungi?
both
51
are protozoa unicellular or multicellular
unicellular
52
are animal like protist (autotroph/heterotroph/chemoautotrophs)
herterotrophic
53
what is a foraminifera
they make a shell and live in the bottom of the ocean and are part of animal like protists
54
nonfilamentous fungi is a type of what kingdom? What domain? is it unicellular or multicellular
kingdom : fungi
domain: eukarya
unicellular
55
filamentous fungi is a type of what kingdom? What domain? is it unicellular or multicellular
kingdom : fungi
domain: eukarya
multicellular
56
what is hyphae
roots of a fungi (filamentous fungi)
57
is hyphae part of filamentous or nonfilamentous
filamentous
58
what is coenocytic hyphae
hyphae that does no seperate and are multinucleated
59
what is plasmogamy
when two hyphaw combine
60
what is karyogamy
when the nuclei combine to make diploid
61
what produces a diploid (plasmogamy of karyogamy)
karyogamy
62
what fungi can go under sexual reproduction (nonfilamentous or filamentous)
filamentous
63
mycota is ......
fungus
64
what is lichens
mutualistic relationship of fungi and algea
| fungi protects algae and algea provides sugarfrom photosynthesis
65
what is mycorrhiza
mutualistic relationship between fungi and roots of plants
66
what is the symmetry of cnidaria
radial
67
what is the symmetry of porifera
asymmetrical
68
what are the two deuterostomes phyla
echinodermata chordata
69
what phyla is a sea sponge
porifera
70
what phyla is a jellyfish
cnidaria
71
what phyla is a flatworm
platyhelminthes
72
what phyla is a flat worms?
| what phyla is a round worm?
what phyla is a flat worm: platy helminthes
| what phyla is a round worm? nematoda
73
what phyla is an earth worm?
annelida
74
what phyla is a crab
arthropoda crustacea
75
what phyla is a starfish
echinodermata
76
what phyla is a cat
chordata
77
how many times does mitosis occur in alteration of generation and when do they occur
1. spores turn into gametophyte and 2. zygote turns into sporcyte
78
RE: ALGAE .... what kingdom does plant like --- belong to?
| what about blue green algae
plant like protist -
| blue green algae - bacteria
79
Thalophytes
- Body?
- vascular?
- Seeds?
- Body? no body
- vascular? no
- Seeds? no
- flower? no
80
Byrophyte
- Body?
- vascular?
- Seeds?
- flower?
- Body? yes
- vascular? no
- Seeds? no
- flower? no
81
Tracheophytes
- Body?
- vascular?
- Seeds?
- flower?
- Body? yes
- vascular? yes
- Seeds? seeds and seedless
- flower? flowers and non flowers
82
Gymnosperm
- Body?
- vascular?
- Seeds?
- flower?
- Body? yes
- vascular? yes
- Seeds? yes
- flower? no
83
Angiosperm
- Body?
- vascular?
- Seeds?
- flower?
- Body? yes
- vascular? yes
- Seeds? yes
- flower? yes
84
what is a mono cot
a type of angiosperm, parralle veins flowers of 3
85
what is a dicotylcot
a type of angiosperm, net light veins ringed vasculature
86
what has a ring like vasculature mono or dicotylcot
dicotylcot
87
is blue green algae a type of protista or bactera
bacteria
88
Parazoa
| does it have tissues
No
89
metazoa
| does it have tissue
yes
90
Diploblast are radial or bilateral
radial
91
what is a coelom
space inbetween mesoderm or mesoderm and endoderm
92
Eucoelomae vs pseudocoelomate
eucoelamate has coelom fully covered by mesoderm and pseudocoelomate is not fully covered but is in between meso and endoderm
93
what is acoelomate
does not have a coelom
94
gastovascular cavity is found in 2 way or one way digestive tract
2 way
95
Enbrionic development, put in order .... gastula, morula, blastula, zygote
zygote, morula, blastula, gastula
96
what is dioecious
when there are two genders female or male
97
what is monoecious
when there is one gender both femal and male
98
```
Porifer
metazoa or parazoa
what its symetry
sexual or asexual
monoeciou or dioecios
```
parazoa
asymetric
both asexual and sexual
monoecios (hermapherdite)
99
what is sessile
it is when it does not move
100
```
cnidaria
metazoa or parazoa
diploblase or triploblast
eucoelomate or acoelomate
whats its symmetry
sexual or a sexual
```
```
metazoa
diploblast
no coelum
radial symmetry
both sexual and asexual
```
101
what is cnidocytes
it is found in the stinging of cnidaria
102
what is nematocysts
string like structure in the stinging of cnidiara
103
```
platyhelminth
metazoa or parazoa
diploblast or triploblast
eucoelomate or acoelomate
monoeicios or dioecios
cephalization?
2 or single way digestive system
```
```
metazoa
triploblast
acoelomate
moneiciou
cephalization
2 way
```
104
what is protonephridia. what phylum is it found in
helps with excreation found in platyhelminth and rotifera
105
what is flame cells
flame cells help with osmosis in excretion of platyhelminth and rotifera
106
what has a exoskeleton cuticle helmyths or nematoda
nematoda
107
what is ecdysis
the process of removing exoskeleton cuticle
108
```
Nematoda
metazoa or parazoa
diploblast or triploblast
eucoelomate or acoelomate or psuedoceolomate
reproduction?
cephalization?
2 or single way digestive system
```
```
metazoa
triploblase
pseudobelomate
a wide range of reproduction
no cephalization
1 way digestion (mouth and anus)
```
109
```
rotofera
metazoa or parazoa
diploblast or triploblast
eucoelomate or acoelomate or psuedoceolomate
reproduction?
cephalization?
2 or single way digestive system
```
```
metazoa
triploblast
psuedoceolomate
a wide range of reproduction
cephalization
single way digestion
```
110
what is a corona and what phylum is it found in
cilia sweeps food in the mouth, found in rotifera
111
```
Mollusca
metazoa or parazoa
diploblast or triploblast
eucoelomate or acoelomate or psuedoceolomate
protostome or dueterostome
reproduction?
cephalization?
2 or single way digestive system
respiratory system?
```
```
metazoa
triploblast
protosome
dueterstome
mixed reproduction
some cephalization
single way digestive system
respiratory system
```
112
what is a visceral mass and what phylum is it found in
its the thing that hold the organs it is in the mollusca
113
what is radula
it is the tongue with bistles
114
what is the mantle
it is the shell
115
cephalopod is what kind of animal - give example
squid or octipus
116
gastropod is what kind of animal - give example
snail
117
what is a hemocel
hemocel is a circulatory system that lets your organs bathe in blood
118
bivalve is what kind of animal - give example
clam
119
which has an open circulatory system (cephalopod, gastropod, bivalve)
gastropod and bivalve
120
these kind of germ layer are bilateral
triploblast
121
these kind of germ layers are radial
diploblast
122
what is the largest phyla in the animal kingdom
arthopods
123
whats tagmata
segmenting body arthopods
124
whats a nymph
when the animal grows from small to large (no metamorphosis)
125
what is malpigiantubules
helps with filtering hymolyph and excretes uric acid
126
what are green glands and what animal are they found in
they help filter hymolymph in crustaceans
127
what is spiracles and what animal is it found in
they are holes in the exoskeloton
128
what do podocytes do for echinoderm
filter blood
129
water vascular system is exclusively found in what phylum
echinoderms
130
water vascular system is exclusively found in what phylum
echinoderms
131
Urochordatas live where
bottom of ocean
132
cephalochordates live where
bottom of the ocean
133
what are tunics and what is it made of
tunics are a covering that is made of carbs
134
in vertebrates
notochord replaced by ________
dorsal hollow nerve chorde replaced by
notochord replaced by ____vertebrate____
| dorsal hollow nerve chorde replaced by____ central nervous system___
135
what is viviparous
baby in mom
136
what is oviparous
baby in egg
137
what is ovoiviparous
baby in egg in mom
138
what has 2 chambered hearts?
3 chamber?
4chamer?
2......
-fish
3.....
-reptile and amphibians
4....
fish and mamals
139
what are lateral lines and in what animal are they found
fish
140
what is a swim bladder
filled sacs of air in fish
141
what is a coaco
all in 1 for reproduction, excretion, and digestive system
142
what is a chorion
it is in an egg and used for gas exchange
143
what is albumen
cushion for the egg
144
what is allantois
wast for the egg
145
what is amnion
covering of baby in egg
146
whats a monotreme
has babys with egg but nurses
147
whats a monotreme
has babys with egg but nurses
148
whats a granum
stack of thylocoids
149
whats glyoxysome
peroxisomes found in plants
