Task 3

Question 1

synapse

Answer 1

gaps between the terminal buttons at the ends of the axon branch of one neuron & the membrane of another
They can occur on three places: dendrites=Axodendric, Soma= Axosomatic, other= Axoaxomic

Question 2

Presynaptic membran

Answer 2

The membrane of a terminal button that lies next to the postsynaptic membrane & through wich the Neurotransmitter are released

Question 3

Postsynaptic membrane

Answer 3

The cell membrane opposite the terminal button in a synapse; the membrane of the cell that receives the message

Question 4

Synaptic cleft

Answer 4

The space between the presynaptic membrane & postsynaptic membrane contains extracellular fluid through eich neurotransmitter diffuse

Question 5

Synaptic vesicle

Answer 5

A small hollow structure found in terminal buttons; contains molecules of a neurotransmitter

Question 6

release zone

Answer 6

A region of the interior of the presynaptic
membrane of a synapse to which synaptic vesicles attach and
release their neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft.

Question 7

antagonist

Answer 7

A molecule, usually a
drug, that interferes with or prevents the
action of a transmitter.

Question 8

agonist

Answer 8

A molecule, usually a drug,
that binds a receptor molecule and
initiates a response like that of another
molecule, usually a neurotransmitter.

Question 9

ionotropic receptor

Answer 9

A receptor
protein that includes an ion channel that
is opened when the receptor is bound by
an agonist.

Question 10

metabotropic receptor

Answer 10

A receptor
protein that does not contain an ion
channel but may, when activated, use a G
protein system to alter the functioning of
the postsynaptic cell.

Question 11

degradation

Answer 11

The chemical breakdown
of a neurotransmitter into inactive
metabolites.

Question 12

reuptake

Answer 12

The process by which
released synaptic transmitter molecules
are taken up and reused by the presynaptic
neuron, thus stopping synaptic activity

Question 13

axo-dendritic

Answer 13

Referring to a synapse
in which a presynaptic axon terminal
synapses onto a dendrite of the postsynaptic
neuron, either via a dendritic spine or
directly onto the dendrite itself.

Question 14

axo-somatic

Answer 14

Referring to a synapse
in which a presynaptic axon terminal
synapses onto the cell body (soma) of the
postsynaptic neuron.

Question 15

axo-axonic

Answer 15

Referring to a synapse in
which a presynaptic axon terminal synapses
onto another axon’s terminal.

Question 16

dendro-dendritic

Answer 16

Referring to a
synapse in which a synaptic connection
forms between the dendrites of two
neurons.

Question 17

exocytosis

Answer 17

The process by which a
synaptic vesicle fuses with the presynaptic
terminal membrane to release neurotransmitter
into the synaptic cleft.

Question 18

binding site

Answer 18

The location on a receptor protein to which a

ligand binds.

Question 19

neurotransmitter-dependent ion channel

Answer 19

An ion channel that
opens when a molecule of a neurotransmitter binds with a
postsynaptic receptor.
x ionotropic receptor

Question 20

G protein

Answer 20

A protein coupled to a metabotropic receptor;
conveys messages to other molecules when a ligand binds with
and activates the receptor.

Question 21

enzymatic deactivation

Answer 21

The destruction of a neurotransmitter
by an enzyme after its release—for example, the destruction of
acetylcholine by acetylcholinesterase.

Question 22

presynaptic inhibition

Answer 22

The action of a presynaptic terminal
button in an axoaxonic synapse; reduces the amount of neurotransmitter
released by the postsynaptic terminal button

Question 23

presynaptic facilitation

Answer 23

The action of a presynaptic terminal
button in an axoaxonic synapse; increases the amount of neurotransmitter
released by the postsynaptic terminal button

Question 24

Antagonist

Answer 24

a molecule, usually a drug, that interferes with or prevents the action of a transmitter

Question 25

Agonist

Answer 25

a molecule usually a drug that binds a receptor molecule and initiates a response like that of another molecule, usually a neurotransmitter