Tarsus

Question 1

Four projections in a routine tarsal series

Answer 1

Lateral medial, DP, DLPMO, DMPLO

Question 2

Three additional tarsal views

Answer 2

D15*LPMO
Flexed DP (skyline)
Flexed lateral

Question 3

Which two joints of the tarsus communicate?

Answer 3

Tarsocrural joint (tibiotarsal) and proximal intertarsal joint (talocalcanealcentroquartal joint)

Question 4

Is the calcaneus a lateral or medial structure?

Answer 4

Lateral

Question 5

What is the medial attachment site for the collateral ligaments of the tarsus and why is this important?

Answer 5

Medial malleolus. This is a common site for OCD lesions

Question 6

What is the purpose of the flex DP or skyline view of the tarsus?

Answer 6

Evaluate tuber calcanei, sustentaculum Tali, talocalcaneal joint

Question 7

DJD of the tarsus

Two most common sites affected

Three early characteristics of DJD and four later characteristics of DJD

Answer 7

Distal intertarsal and tarsometatarsal joint’s

Soft tissue swelling with effusion, osteophytes, enthesophyte

Narrow joint space, SCB lysis, SCB sclerosis, ankylosis

Question 8

Septic arthritis of the tarsus

Caused an adult horses versus cause foals

Two characteristics of clinical presentation

Osseous changes seen blank after onset of clinical signs

Three radiographic changes

Answer 8

Adult – result of direct inoculation of the joint, foal - hematogenous route

Marked tarsocrural joint effusion, severe lameness

10 to 14 days

Aggressive subchondral bone lysis, osseous proliferation, soft tissue swelling

Question 9

Osteochondrosis of the tarsus

-most commonly affected joint
– most common breed

Answer 9

Tibiotarsal (tarsocrural)

Warm bloods, TB, STB, Arabs

Question 10

Osteochondrosis of the tarsus

Three most common sites and radiographic evidence at each site

What is the money shot for OCD in the tarsus?

Answer 10

Distal intermediate range of the tibia
– fragmentation – flattening – sclerosis

Lateral Trochlear ridge of the talus
- flattening, irregularity of the ridge

Medial malleolus
-difficult to detect radiographically

DMPLO

Question 11

What is the purpose of the dorso 15* lateral-plantaromedial oblique?

Answer 11

Better assess the axial margin of the medial malleolus for OCD

Question 12

What is significant about the lateral malleolus compared to the medial malleolus?

Answer 12

Lateral is commonly a site for extra articular fracture’s, media is commonly a site for OCD

Question 13

In which bones of the tarsus can slab fractures be seen?

Answer 13

Third and central tarsal bones

Question 14

What is the best view for assessing osteomyelitis of the sustentaculum tail secondary to septic tarsal sheath

Answer 14

Flexed dorsoplantar (skyline)

Question 15

Calcaneal osteomyelitis

Often due to what?

Best view for evaluation?

Answer 15

Direct trauma to the region of the calcaneal tuberosity (draining Tract/sequestrum)

Flexed dorsoplantar (skyline)

Soft tissue swelling, osteolysis, periosteal proliferation