Fetlock - MCP/MTP Flashcards

1
Q

Five routine radiographs of the fetlock

A

Lateral, flex lateral, DP, DLPMO, DMPLO

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2
Q

Purpose of the flex lateral

A

Expose sagittal ridge, most common sight of osteochondrosis in the fetlock

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3
Q

Purpose of slight downward angle of DP of fetlock

A

Separate the proximal sesamoids from the joint

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4
Q

Three important soft tissue structures on the lateral view of the fetlock and how to differentiate

A

Fetlock joint capsule, branches of suspensory ligament, digital sheath of the flexor tendons

Differentiate joint effusion/synovitis from digital sheath effusion/synovitis based on location in reference to suspensory branches

Joint cranial to, sheath caudal to

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5
Q

Oblique views of the fetlock are good for evaluating what three things

A

Dorsoproximal eminences and Palmar/plantar processes of P1

Abaxial margins of sesamoids

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6
Q

DJD in the fetlock joint
Early -3
Late -3

Always look for…

A

Early – increased intracapsular soft tissue (effusion and/or synovial proliferation), osteophyte production, enthesophyte production

Late – narrowing of the joint space, cystic areas of subchondral demineralization, ankylosis

Inciting cause

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7
Q

Fetlock DJD – Locations

osteophyte production
enthesophyte production

A

O– Most prominent along the dorsal medial and dorsal lateral margins of the joint as seen in the oblique views

E– Distal aspect of collateral fossa – Superimposed on DP

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8
Q

Sesamoiditis definition

Commonly seen in

Radiographic findings – 3

A

Chronic repetitive trauma of suspensory ligament may result in tearing of the attachment of suspensory ligament branches at the abaxial margin of the sesamoid bone and causes remodeling of the proximal sesamoid Bones

Young race horses, +/- lameness

– Enlarged vascular channels
– Ill defined lysis
– enthesiopathy of Suspensory ligament branches and sex more than ligaments

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9
Q

Osteomyelitis of the proximal sesamoid bones

Most often occur at blank and concurrently with blank

Clinically appear blank and prognosis is blank

A

Articular surface of the axial margin and concurrently with septic Tenosynovitis of the flexor sheath and/or septic arthritis of the fetlock

Severely lame and guarded prognosis

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10
Q

Three parts of the proximal sesamoid bones

Cause and prognosis based on fracture location

A

Apex – Best, secondary to strain placed on the suspensory apparatus
mid body – poor, racing injury
Basilar – poor, there a bed race horse, avulsion fracture at attachment site of distal sesamoidean ligament

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11
Q

Dorsoproximal P1 osteochondral fragment

Pathogenesis

Side that is more common

A

Developmental or hyperextension of fetlock

Medial

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12
Q

Palmar/plantar P1 fragments

Etiology, common breed, Common location, clinical presentation

Best view to appreciate this injury

A

Unknown, standardbreds and thorough breads, metatarsophalangeal joint, may not see any lameness or lameness only at high-speed

Oblique

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13
Q

MC/MT III fracture

Most often seen in…

Side most often affected

Two views to appreciate fracture

A

Racehorses

Lateral

125DP “Bucket shot”, flexed DP, want to superimpose sesamoids over MCP/MTP to provide contrast to appreciate fracture line

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14
Q

Osteochondrosis definition

A

Disturbance in process of Endochondral ossification

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15
Q

Osteochondritis dessicans definition

A

When osteochondrosis disturbance leads to semi-loose or loose fragments in the joint

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16
Q

Osteochondrosis

First sign, most common site in the fetlock, if seen in one leg what should you do

A

Synovial fusion, sagittal ridge of MT/MC III, Subchondral bone osseous cyst like lesions – distal SCB of MC/MT III or proximal SCB of the proximal phalanx, radiograph all four limbs

17
Q

Sign of early osteochondrosis versus late osteochondrosis/OCD

A

Early – subtle mild flattening of Sagittal ridge

Late – defect and fragment of sagittal ridge

18
Q

Chronic proliferative synovitis

Also known as…

Caused by…and causes secondary…

A

Villonodular synovitis

Thickening of a synovial fold in dorsal fetlock, secondary pressure necrosis of the underlying bone