Taping Principles Flashcards
what is the principle you follow after an immediate injury and why
POLICE
Protection
Optimal
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Ice
Compression
Elevation
to control bleeding, limit swelling and prevent further injury
types of taping technique
joint protection taping
muscle protecting taping
biomechanical correction taping
for what injury is the joint protection taping for
ligamentous sprains
for what injury is muscle protection taping for
muscle strains
contusions
for what injury is biomechanical correction taping
correct abnormal
soft tissue re-alignment
facilitation of muscle activity
inhibition of muscle activity
type of tape
elastic - good compression/support qualities
provide anchors around muscle - hold protective pads
rigid/inelastic - good tensile properties , used to secure ends of elastic tape/reinforce
what type of injuries is elastic tape used for
for injured contractile tissue - muscle
what type of injuries is rigid/inelastic tape used for
non-contractile tissue e.g. ligaments, joint capsules
to secure ends of elastic tape
describe the properties of rigid/elastic tape
zinc oxide
air permeable
strong adhesive backing
higher quality = higher thread count
+/- hypoallergenic
list the types of elastic tape
adhesive
cohesive
describe properties of adhesive elastic tape
sticks to skin
stretches longitudinally
better compression quality than tensile strength
describe properties of cohesive elastic tape
sticks to itself rather than skin
re-usable
disadvantages of inelastic tape
cant apply with acute welling
requires skin protection
possible negative impact on circulation/lymphatic
what padding material is available to use with taping
foam or fibre based
polyester urethane foam
orthopaedic felt - with slight vaseline
purpose of padding material
protect bony prominence/areas of high friction
protect skin and superificial tendions e.g. anterior ankle
what will be included in your clinical assessment before applying taping
hx injury - MOI, damaged structure, degree of injury, stage of healing
what structure needs support/protection
injured structure to be protected in shortened position
movement needs restriction
body area - skin condition, sensation, circulation, allergies
describe the preparation process of taping
shave - increase adhesion, reduce irritation, reduce build up
make sure skin is clean and dry
cover cuts and abrasions w/ dressing/vaseline
apply taping base - use adhesive spray
underwrap/padding if applicable
how is the skin taped
contact b/w skin and tape = firm and even prevent excessive movement
apply tape in strips
overlap successive strips by half the width - ensures no gap with movements
continuous
continuous for less tension but for protection
what is assessed following the taping
comparing movement with tape on
is pain or stress reduced with protective taping
is movement less symptomatic with biomechanical taping
circulation - capillary refill test - compress for a few seconds and blood is refilled within 2-3 seconds
what should be avoided with taping
excessive skin traction
gaps & wrinkles – blisters
continuous circumferential taping – single strips produce more uniform pressure
excessive layers – neurovascular bundle compromise
too tight over bony areas
anchor definition and purpose
provides a firm base to
attach other tape
Elastic around large muscle
Inelastic
reins definition and purpose
a strip of tape travelling between 2 anchor points
They relieve stress from ligaments or perform the actions which a muscle would perform if it were to contract.
definition and purpose of stirrups
a vertical u shape tape
They relieve stress from ligaments or perform the actions which a muscle would perform if it were to contract.
definition and purpose of casting strips
tape used to make reins secure
Function = more support / to close
definition and purpose lock taping
inelastic tape which secures anatomical structure
Every piece of tape should have a purpose
how is tape removed
Use scissors or cutters with blunt tip
Follow soft tissues not bone
Teach athlete proper removal technique
Peel skin from tape – DON’T RIP (see video)
Cleanse skin to remove adhesive residue
Treat skin irritations and wounds promptly
what are the possible adverse chemical reaction
Allergic reactions
Prevent / recognise / advise / treat
Investigate other materials / braces
what are the possible adverse mechanical reaction
Drag exceeds elastic properties of skin
skin blisters at margins
Gaps in tape
Cubital / Popliteal Fossa
what are the possible adverse circulatory reaction
Swelling causes tightness
Do not put inelastic tape on a very acute injury
Avoid repeated circulatory strips without tearing
Prevent/educate
Avoid too much tape
contraindications for taping
Lack of full assessment
Reduced blood flow (capillary refill)
Reduced circulation
Known tape allergy
Open wound
Loss of sensation
Active infection e.g. cellulitis
describe benefits of taping mechanism
pain relief - rest injured tissue from tensile strength or contractile activity
reduction of movement
skin stimulation - cutaneous reflexes/sensation enhances proprioception
unload tissue - reduce tissue stress by offloading muscle
what were the main findings in the 2018 Consensus statement on exercise therapyand physical interventions for patellofemoral pain
exercise therapy - reduce pain, improve function
combining hip and knee exercises reduce pain and improve function
combined intervention (patellar taping and foot orthosis- recommended to relieve symptoms short term)
no long term effect in patellar taping
