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Physiotherapy Across Lifespan I > Intro to Women's Health > Flashcards

Intro to Women's Health Flashcards

1
Q

define obstetrics

A

Concerned with pregnancy, childbirth and post natal period

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2
Q

define gynaecology

A

Concerned with health of the female reproductive system

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3
Q

define gestation

A

Period of development inside the womb between conception and birth. 40
weeks. If you are 20 weeks pregnant it is written as 20/40

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4
Q

define ante natal

A

before baby is born

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5
Q

define post natal

A

immediately after birth until 6-8 weeks

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6
Q

define full term pregnancy

A

37-39 weeks out of 40

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7
Q

define pre term birth

A

baby born before 37 wks

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8
Q

define EDD

A

estimated date of delivery

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9
Q

define LMP

A

Last menstrual period

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10
Q

define Gravida

A

number of pregnancies
first pregnancy = gravida 1 or G1

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11
Q

define parity

A

number of times a woman has given birth
e.g. if you have 2 children para 2 or P2

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12
Q

Length of pregnancy symptoms and formation of embryo at first trimester

A

week 1-12
nausea vomiting, urinary frequency and fatigue
all foetal organs form by 13/52

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13
Q

what is the length of pregnancy, symptoms and foetal development stage in the 2nd trimester

A

wks 13-26
aware of foetal movements, abdominal striae, heartburn, LBP, varicose veins, colostrum production

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14
Q

what is the length of pregnancy
symptoms of pregnancy and stage of foetal development in third trimester

A

27-40 wks
increased swellning, water retention, sleeping problems, increase pelvic pressure, braxton hick contractions

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15
Q

braxton hicks contractions

A

sporadic contractions and relaxation of the uterine muscle that occur in preparation of labour but does not indicate that labour is happening

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16
Q

how does changes in progesterone levels affect pregnancy

A

relax smooth muscle tone - constipation
reflux - heartburn
breast development
increased body temp

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17
Q

how does relaxin affect pregnancy

A

relaxes ligaments
allows uterus to distend and cervix to soften

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18
Q

how does oestrogen affect pregnancy

A

vascularise uterus-placenta
develop fetus and milk ducts
water retention

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19
Q

how does reproductive system change during pregnancy

A

cervix changes
uterine growth
amenorrhoea - absence of menstrual period

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19
Q

how does CVS change during pregnancy

A

blood volume inc. by 40%
anaemia
CO inc. BY 30-50%
Supine hypotension
warm extremities
LL oedema

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20
Q

how does respiratory system change during pregnancy

A

Inc RR
TV inc. by 40%
Diaphragm displaced by uterus raised 4cm
Increased subcostal angle chest widens 2cm

21
Q

how does the urinary system change during pregnancy

A

kidneys enlarge by 1cm
increased urinary output
urge and stress incontinence

22
Q

how does the GI system change during pregnancy

A

morning sickness/hyperemesis
reflux- heartburn
lower oesophageal function impaired - inc. progresterone and oestrogen and displacement of stomach
poor digestion

23
Q

how does the nervous system change during pregnancy

A

can be prone to compression of distal nerve - Carpal Tunnel syndrome
anxiety
insomnia
slight reduction in cogntive ability and amnesia

24
Q

how does MSK system change during pregnnacy

A

centre of gravity changes
posture - increased thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis, reduced lumbar segmental stability
inhibition of DNF,
tightness of pecs
inhibition of glutes
diastasis of rectus abdominus

25
Q

what breast changes are expected during pregnancy

A

blood supply visible
painful
colostrum leakage
inc. weight

26
Q

what skin changes are expected during pregnancy

A

increased sebum production
melasma
increased pigmentation of face, abdomen and linea nigra
stretch marks

27
Q

what would be considered underweight weight gain during pregnancy

A

12.5-18kg

28
Q

what would be considered normal weight gain during pregnancy

A

11.5-16kg

29
Q

what would be considered overweight gain during pregnancy

A

7-11.5kg

30
Q

what is considered obese gain during pregnancy

A

5-9kg

31
Q

describe symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome

A

compression of median nerve - thumb, index, middle finger
grip weakness and loss of fine finger movements

32
Q

typical cause of carpal tunnel syndrome during pregnancy

A

fluid retention/peripheral oedema

33
Q

what causes thoracic pain in pregnancy

A

postural changes - inc. kyphosis
inc breast weight
subcostal angle inc. 35 degrees
pressure from uterus

34
Q

meralgia paresthetica

A

lateral femoral cutaneous neuropathy

35
Q

symptoms of meralgia paresthetica

A

sensory disturbance due to nerve compression cross under inguinal ligament at ASIS
numb burning tingling pain
worsened when standing or walking
pain improved after delivery

36
Q

what is facial nerve palsy

A

compression of cranial nerve VII
unilateral

37
Q

signs and symptoms of facial nerve palsy

A

loss of sensation of 1/2 of face,
loss of taste,
can’t close eye, difficulty eating, drinking, speaking

38
Q

treatment for facial nerve palsy

A

steroids
exercises

39
Q

definition of pelvic girdle pain

A

Classed as pain between the
iliac crest and gluteal fold and around SIJ

40
Q

treatment info videos

A

https://rotunda.ie/parent-education/resources/

41
Q

describe bowel changes during pregnancy

A

constipation
haemorrhoids

42
Q

possible complications during pregnancy

A

foetal development issues
miscarriage
polyhydramnios
oligohydramnios
hyperemesis
ectopic pregnancy

43
Q

define polyhydramnios

A

increased amniotic fluid

44
Q

define oligohydramnios

A

reduced amniotic fluid

45
Q

placenta praevia

A

placenta implanted can cover the cervix
can be partial - partial covering the cervix
or total completely obstructs cervix
https://www.babycenter.com/pregnancy/health-and-safety/placenta-previa_830

46
Q

types of birth delivery

A

spontaneous vaginal delivery
instrumental delivery - forceps/vaccum
C section

47
Q

what is episiotomy

A

incisions made in vaginal opening and anus to aid in delivery of baby
https://theobgynmum.com/what-is-an-episiotomy/

48
Q

what are the indications for an elective C section

A

Eclampsia
Diabetes
serious illness
previous c section
placenta praevia
multiple births,
malpresentation
severe IUGR

49
Q

what are the indications for an emergency C section

A

antepartum hemorrhage,
foetal/maternal distress,
failed trial of forceps,
failure to progress,
prolapse of cord

50
Q

possible complications post partum

A

post partum haemorrhage
manual removal of placenta
infection
uterine rupture
venous thrombosis/PE

Physiotherapy Across Lifespan I (14 decks)

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