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Parasitology Exam 1 > Tapeworms:Pseudophyllideans > Flashcards

Tapeworms:Pseudophyllideans Flashcards

1
Q

What are the defining characteristics of cestodes?

A

Dorsally flattened, suckers often present, segmented, tegument, no gut, hermaphroditic, eggs with hexacanth larvae, indirect life cycle

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2
Q

What characteristics do adult cestodes have?

A

Scolex, neck, and proglottids

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3
Q

What are the characteristics of Pseudophyllidea?

A

Scolex with two bothria, no suckers, very similar to flukes, produce eggs individually

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4
Q

What are the hosts of Diphyllobothrium latum?

A

Human, dog, bear, other fish-eating mammals

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5
Q

What is the life cycle of Diphyllobothrium latum?

A

Adults live in the SI of the DH, eggs pass in feces, egg embryonates and coracidium hatches, ingested by copepod and procercoid develops, ingested by fish (pike) and larva develops into infective stage. Mammal ingests fish and larva is released, tapeworm travels to SI.

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6
Q

What are the clinical signs of D. latum?

A

Non-specific abdominal disturbance, competes for vitamin B12

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7
Q

How does one diagnose D. latum?

A

ID eggs in feces

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8
Q

T/F Praziquantel and epsiprantel can be used to treat D. latum.

A

True

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9
Q

What are the IH and DH of Spirometra mansonoides?

A

DH cats, dogs and other carnivores; IH 1st copepods, 2nd birds, reptiles, amphibians

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10
Q

What are the characteristics of cyclophylidean tapeworms?

A

Body covered in tegument, scolex has suckers and a rostellum, rostellum may have a row of hooks, proglottids are shed, and eggs are released as segment degrades

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11
Q

What stage of cyclophylidean is found in the IH?

A

larvae, intends to infect DH, specific to genera

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12
Q

What is the DH and IH of Davainea proglottina?

A

DH poultry, IH slug or snail

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13
Q

What are the clinical signs of Davainea proglottina?

A

Inflammation, hemorrhagic enteritis, necrosis, usually a wasting disease

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14
Q

How does one diagnose Davainea proglottina?

A

Adults in duodenum, small egg with 6 hooks

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15
Q

What does one use to treat D. proglottina?

A

Prevention to keep snails away, usually no treatment used

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16
Q

What are the characteristics of Raillietina echinobothridia?

A

Very pathogenic, ant as an IH, produces TB-type nodules in the gut

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17
Q

What are the characteristics of the family Anoplocephalids?

A

Tapeworms of horses, scolex with 4 suckers, no rostellum, no hooks, proglottids wider than they are long, 2 reproductive systems per progrlottid, eggs has pyriform apparatus with 6 hooks, mites are IH

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18
Q

What are the IH and DH of Anoplocephalids?

A

DH horses mules, donkeys and zebras; IH oribatid mites, free living

19
Q

What is the life cycle of Anoplocephalids?

A

Adults in guts, segments break off and pass out, release eggs, orbatid mites ingest eggs, cystercercoid develops within mite, mite ingested by horse with vegetation, develop to adults in intestines

20
Q

What are the clinical signs of Anoplocephalids?

A

Most asymptomatic, unthriftiness, digestive problems

21
Q

What are the possible clinical signs of A. magna?

A

Large numbers may cause a catarrhal enteritis

22
Q

What are the clinical signs of A. perfoliata?

A

Most pathogenic because it centers around ileocecal valve, occlusion of ileocecal valve, ulceration

23
Q

What are the clinical signs of A. mamillana?

A

Clinically insignificant

24
Q

How does one diagnose an anoplocephalid infection?

A

History, egg with pyriform apparatus

25
Q

How does one prevent or control an anoplocephalid infection?

A

Manure dispersal, pasture rotation, strategic deworming

26
Q

What are the characteristics of Moniezia?

A

Scolex has no hooks or rostellum, each proglottid has two sets of reproductive organs

27
Q

What is the life cycle of Moniezia?

A

Adults live in SI, proglottids shed in feces, eggs ingested by oribatid mite, infective larval stage develops in 1-4 months, DH ingests mite while grazing, cysticercoid released, adult develops in intestines

28
Q

What are the clinical signs of Moniezia?

A

Non-pathogenic

29
Q

True or false, Moniezia can be treated with albendazole and fenbendazole.

A

True

30
Q

What are the hosts of Thysanosoma actinoides?

A

Sheep, goats, wild ruminants

31
Q

Where are Thysanosoma actinoides located in the body?

A

SI, bile and pancreatic ducts

32
Q

What is the DH and IH of Taenia saginata?

A

DH human, IH cattle

33
Q

What is the larval stage of Taenia saginata calleD?

A

Cysticercus bovis

34
Q

What do the eggs of Taenia saginata look like?

A

hexacanth embryo (6 hooks), oval

35
Q

What is the life cycle of Taenia sagninata?

A

TYPE here

36
Q

Why is Taenia saginata a parasite of human importance?

A

Humans are the DH, infected by ingestion of under-cooked beef, sanitation will remove the problem

37
Q

What are the clinical signs of Taenia saginata in both humans and cattle?

A

Human- non-specific gastric symptoms, cattle-asymptomatic, found on slaughter

38
Q

How can one control Taenia saginata?

A

Don’t allow humans to defecate in feedlots

39
Q

What are the DH and IH of Taenia solium?

A

DH humans, IH swine

40
Q

What is the common name of Taenia solium cysticerci in the muscle of pigs?

A

Pork measles

41
Q

What is the life cycle of Taenia solium?

A

TYPE HERe

42
Q

What is the public health significance of Taenia solium?

A

Humans can also be an IH, larvae are neurotrophic

43
Q

What are the clinical signs of Taenia solium in humans and swine?

A

Humans (DH) non-specific gastric symptoms, IH CNS signs; swine asymptomatic

44
Q

How can one control Taenia solium?

A

cook pork, treat with praziquantel, don’t allow humans to defecate near pigs, sanitation

Parasitology Exam 1 (13 decks)

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