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Parasitology Exam 1 > Tapeworms of Companion Animals > Flashcards

Tapeworms of Companion Animals Flashcards

1
Q

What are the DH and IH of Taenia hydatigena?

A

DH dogs and wild carnivores, IH pigs, sheep and other ruminants

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2
Q

How would you describe Cysticercus tenuicollis?

A

Large, resides in omentum and mesentaries, rarely cause problems

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3
Q

What are the DH and IH of Taenia ovis?

A

DH dogs and other carnivores, IH sheep

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4
Q

What are the DH and IH of Taenia krabbei?

A

Wild Taenia- DH canids, wolves, etc. IH cervids

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5
Q

Where are adult Taenia multiceps found?

A

Dogs and other canids

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6
Q

Where are the Coenurus cerebralis larvae found?

A

Found in the brain, numerous protoscolesces attached to the lining of the cyst, occupies space

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7
Q

What are the signs with sheep infected by Coenurus cerebralis?

A

Neurological signs, mostly associated with high stepping gait.

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8
Q

What are the DH and IH of Echinococcus granulosus?

A

DH dog, IH sheep, goats, pigs and humans

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9
Q

Where are Echinococcus granulosus hydatid cysts located?

A

Liver, lungs, peritoneum, brain

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10
Q

What aspect of E. granulosus hydatid cysts causes problems for IH?

A

Space occupying related to location

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11
Q

T/F E. granulosus is a large parasite.

A

False, very small- size of a pin

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12
Q

What transmission relationship is the most common for E. granulosus in North America?

A

Wolves/dogs to sheep. Also human entrance as IH.

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13
Q

What do adult E. granulosus look like?

A

Small, whitish worms, 3-5 proglottid segments, scolex has 2 rows of hooks, 4 suckers

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14
Q

What do the hydatid cysts of E. granulosus look like?

A

Unilocular, fluid filled (can contain several liters), filled with “hydatid sand”, grow slowly

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15
Q

What is the life cycle of E. granulosus?

A

DH has adult worm in SI, sheds terminal proglottid with eggs, IH ingests eggs, migrates to liver, lung, matures into hydatid cyst, DH ingests contents of hydatid cyst

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16
Q

What are the clinical signs of E. granulosus in non-humans?

A

Infections with adults- no signs, hydatid cysts- clinical diseases rare, condemnation of meat

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17
Q

What are the clinical signs of E. granulosus in humans?

A

Pressure necrosis in liver, lung, accidental rupture leading to systemic anaphylaxis

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18
Q

How does one diagnose E. granulosus in dogs?

A

Taenia type egg in feces, can purge with arecoline to recover adult worms

19
Q

How does one diagnose E. granulosus in sheep, goats, pig and moose?

A

Find cyst on necropsy

20
Q

How does one diagnose E. granulosus in humans?

A

Space occupying lesion, history, cysts on radiographs, US, CAT scans, immuno-diagnostic tests

21
Q

T/F the treatment of dogs for E. granulosus is praziquantel and epsiprantel.

A

True

22
Q

How are sheep treated for E. granulosus?

A

Not treated, condemned

23
Q

How are humans treated for E. granulosus?

A

Surgical removal, albendazole early in infection

24
Q

How does one control E. granulosus?

A

Education, sanitation, no offal feeding to dogs, mass periodic treatment of dogs, rigid control of livestock slaughtering

25
Q

What is the difference between E. granulosus and E. multilocularlaris?

A

E. multilocularis uses fox and small rodents, hydatid cyst buds externally, cases in Minnesota

26
Q

What do E. multilocularis adults look like?

A

Smaller than E. granulosus, posterior segments less than 1/2 length

27
Q

What do the hydatid cysts of E. multilocularis look like?

A

Affinity for rodent andhuman liver, no firm outer membrane, like a living tumor that grows very quickly

28
Q

What are the clinical signs of E. multilocularis in foxes?

A

None

29
Q

What are the clinical signs of E. multilocularis in rodents?

A

Probably fatal

30
Q

What are the clinical signs of E. multilocularis in humans?

A

One of the most lethal parasitic diseases

31
Q

What are the hosts of Dipylidium caninum?

A

DH dogs, cats, wild canids and felids, occasionally humans. IH fleas and biting louse

32
Q

Where do Dipylidium caninum reside in their hosts?

A

Adults in SI, cysticercoid in flea or louse

33
Q

What is the distribution of D. caninum?

A

worldwide

34
Q

Describe the adults of Dipylidium caninum.

A

Up to 50 cm long, proglottids are larger than wide, 2 genital pores, gravid segments contain eggs in packets

35
Q

What is the life cycle of D. caninum?

A

Adults in SI, segments pass out of rectum, very motile, IH larval flea ingests eggs, develops to cysticercoid in adult flea, DH ingests flea containing cysticercoid, tapeworm develop in SI

36
Q

What are the clinical signs of Dipylidium caninum?

A

Rarely pathogenic, nonspecific abdominal signs, diarrhea/constipation, etc.

37
Q

How does one diagnose D. caninum?

A

Gravid segments, egg packets in feces, when dried out, rehydrate in water

38
Q

How does one diagnose/control D. caninum?

A

Praziquantel, epsiprantel. Also need to control the fleas

39
Q

What are the hosts of Mesocestoides?

A

DH dogs, cats, wild canids/felids; IH 1st coprophagous oribatid mite, 2nd various amphibians, reptiles, rodents, dogs and cats

40
Q

What adult Mesocestoides look like?

A

reside in SI, 30-350 cm long, 1 set of reproductive organs per segments

41
Q

What is the life cycle of Mesocestoides?

A

Segments pass in the DH’s feces, oribatid mite ingests eggs where develops into cysticercoid, 2nd IH ingests mite, tetrathyridium develops in serous cavities, DH ingests infected IH and worms develop in the SI

42
Q

What are the clinical signs of Mesocestoides?

A

DH- usually harmless; IH severe parasitic peritonitis and ascities

43
Q

How does one diagnose/treat Mesocestoides?

A

Egg or proglottid in feces, treat with praziquantel

Parasitology Exam 1 (13 decks)

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