Tapeworms Flashcards
What are the three types of tapeworms
Taenia
Dipylidium
Echinococcus
What do tapeworms look like?
Head
Neck
Number of segments
Where do tapeworms attach
Intestinal wall
What do tapeworms require for transmission
Intermediate host
What happens if no intermediate host
Transmission or larva stops/fails
What happens if there is an intermediate host?
Development of larva occurs
What does each tapeworm segment have
Reproductive organs
What is hemaphroditic
When eggs are released as segments break off tapeworms
What is a definitive host of a tapeworm
Dogs
Cats
Coyotes
What is the intermediate host of a tapeworm
Fleas, fish, sheep , pig
Prevention of tapeworms
Removal of intermediate hosts
Examples of prevention of tapeworms
Flea control
Indoor cats
No hunting
No eating raw meat
Adult larval facts
Adults always in definitive host
Adults are not infective to other predators
Intermediate host larval facts
Larval only in intermediate host
Larval not invective to other intermediate hosts
How many subspecies in taenia
Many Beef Pork Deer Sheep Rabbits
Where do taenia live
Definitive host
Human
Cat
Dog
How to diagnose taenia
Fecal samples (see segment of worms/eggs in feces)
Taenia signs
May cause no signs
Itchy, intestinal signs
Where do intermediate species ingest eggs
Deer
Mice
Cattle
Sheep ingest in environment (immediately infective)
Where do taenia eggs hatch in intermediate host
Small intestine
Where do taenia eggs go once they hatch in SI
They go into the liver from blood
Where do taenia eggs wait to be eaten by predator
Sac in abdominal cavity
Is taenia in humans
Some species human specific
Humans can be accidental host
What is diplydium tapeworm
Flea tapeworm
Diplydium signs
Discomfort
Vomit
Scooting
Diplydium definitive host
Dogs
Cats
Foxes
Where do adult diplydium live
SI
Where do diplydium eggs go
Pass in feces
What part of diplydium do you see in feces
Diplydium tapeworm segments
Diplydium treatment
Praziquantel (profender, dolpac, drontal)
Diplydium intermediate host
Fleas
Lice
How do diplydium intermediate hosts ingest eggs
Louse and flea larvae ingest eggs
How do diplydium definitive hosts get eggs
Dogs/cats eat insect and adult larvae form in S I
Diplydium and humans
Can infect humans Diarrhea Itchy bum Pain in abdomen Diarrhea
How do humans get diplydium
Swallowing louse and flea
Echinococcus symptoms
Usually no symptoms unless high numbers
How do echinococcus eggs pass
Usually in small numbers
Negative test is common
Why is it difficult to tell if it is an echinococcus egg
Difficult to tell from taenia egg which is more common
How to treat echinococcus
Praziquantel
Milbemax
Profender
Drontal / dopac
How to prevent echinococcus
Prevent rodent populations
Prevent eating intermediate host
Don’t eat undercooked meat
Echinococcus definitive host
Dogs, fox
Sometimes humans
How does definitive host get echinococcus
Ingesting prey
How long can adult form of echinococcus live
Up to two years
Who is the echinococcus intermediate host
Sheep
Voles
Shrew
Where do echinococcus eggs once ingested by intermediate
Migrate to the lungs and liver
What happens when echinococcus eggs are in lungs and liver
Large cysts form that contain thousands of infective forms
Echinococcus in humans
Yes very serious if humans get
Echinococcus human cause
Contact with eggs (feces)
Intermediate host
Gardening/soil
What does echinococcus cause in humans
Hydatid disease
Parasite tumors develop in brain liver heart lungs
What happens if echinococcus tumors rupture in humans
Anaphylacrtic shock
Diagnoses of echinococcus
CT
MRI
Treatment of echinococcus
Praziquantel
Surgery
Can humans be intermediate hosts of echinococcus
Yes
Echinococcus prevention
Prevent ingestion of intermediate host
Flea control, vermin control, cook meat, wash hands , keep pets on regular deworming
