Tac Form Nav/LL Flashcards
What are the min and max ranges for line abreast at LL?
Min = 0.75nm
Max = 1.5nm
Allows the flexibility to make heading corrections to avoid terrain, wx, etc.
When flying wider, the turn cue for the inside aircraft is delayed, and vice versa if narrow.
How can you ensure parallel fuselages when you are flying as the wingman, and as such have the FMS steering cue off to one side due to your displacement?
Use the 1 in 60 rule
E.g. a 20nm leg would require 3 deg.
Therefore, expect your track to be 3 deg. offset from the FMS steering cue towards the lead aircraft
How is the TSAT work cycle adopted for line abreast navigation?
T - Note the turn time, rebrief a/r (>60 secs). If wingman is on the outside, turn at -10s.
S - As CM, relate to 90/60/45/30
A - As CM consider width of the formation and add whose avoid at the turn
T - As CM parallel fuselages, assess TEL, leader rebrief a/r.
How should on track/on time turns be flown?
When on track and +/- 60 secs, turns should be UNCALLED.
If wingman is initiating a 90, the turn cue should be WPT time minus 10 seconds (0.75nm at 240kts)
If the lead makes a track adjustment to cater for a timing error greater than 20s, what should they do?
Call the new datum heading
How can the lead cue any planned turn towards them?
With a wing flash or a double click on the PTT.
Wingman should never be looking away from the lead for more than 2s at a time - but pay even closer attention when approaching a turn that they are initiating, in order not to miss a cue.
(I.e. when on the outside)
What TQ limit should the lead use on the climb out/departure?
80%
What is a good power setting for echelon manoeuvring up to course standard, and what speed range should you aim to operate in?
65% TQ
150-250kts
What is the max NU attitude you should use when manoeuvring in echelon?
25 deg.
What formation is generally used to enter LL?
Fighting wing
If you need greater manoeuvrability (getting around weather, etc) when you are LL in line abreast, what can you do as the lead?
Call the wingman in to fighting wing
You are in fighting wing at LL, approaching marginal weather. You cannot route around it and decide a controlled climb out is the best option - what actions should you take as the lead?
Call the formation in to vic and ease away from the ground, reducing to 210KIAS to allow an expeditious join. Do not enter cloud until the wingman has joined up.
If in doubt or cloud entered sooner than expected, LL abort.
On a formation approach as the lead, what is the latest point by which you should have achieved the target AoA?
200ft
What is a useful power setting for leading a formation recovery and what is the minimum?
20% TQ = Good setting - also allows gradual deceleration once level and therefore makes it easier for the wingman
10% TQ = Minimum
