T4 - Bioenergetics Flashcards
Equation for photosynthesis?
carbon dioxide + water =(light)= glucose + oxygen
Chemical formula for photosynthesis?
6CO2 + 6H2O = C6 H12 O6 + 6O2
What kind of reaction is photosynthesis?
endothermic
Factors that affect photosynthesis? x4
-temperature
-light intensity
-carbon dioxide concentration
-amount of chlorophyll
What happens if you increase the temperature too much for photosynthesis?
enzymes denature and rate of photosynthesis decreases
Uses of glucose from respiration? x5
- used for respiration
- convert into starch for storage
- convert to fat or oil for storage
- produce cellulose
- used to produce amino acids
Why is glucose turned into starch and stored?
To convert back to glucose when needed
What are amino acids from plants used for?
to synthesise proteins
What do plants need to do to make amino acids from glucose?
absorb nitrate ions from soil
What do farmer do to greenhouses for more photosynthesis? x2
- add light and heat
-add CO2
What kind of reaction is respiration?
exothermic
Equation for aerobic respiration?
glucose + oxygen = carbon dioxide + water
Chemical formula for aerobic respiration?
C6 H12 O6 + O2 = CO2 and H2O
Why does aerobic respiration release a great deal of energy?
glucose molecule fully oxidised
Equation for anaerobic respiration in muscles?
glucose = lactic acid
Why does anaerobic respiration release less energy?
glucose molecule not fully oxidised
Equation for anaerobic respiration in plant and yeast?
Glucose = ethanol + carbon dioxide
What is anaerobic respiration in yeast called?
fermentation
What is fermentation used for making? x2
-bread
-alcohol
What increases during exercise? x3
-heart rate
-breathing rate
-breath volume
What does lactic acid cause?
fatigued muscles
What happens if muscles are fatigued?
stop contracting effitiently
How is lactic acid converted back to glucose?
Blood transports lactic acid to liver
What is oxygen debt?
amount of extra oxygen the body needs after exercise to react with the accumulated lactic acid
