T2 L8: Anatomy of the biliary tract and the spleen Flashcards
Where is the pancreas compared to the stomach?
Posterior
Where is the spleen compared to the stomach?
Lateral
What do hepatocytes secrete into?
Canaliculi which then join to enter bile ductules and then the ducts in the portal triad
What type of epithelium forms ductules of the liver?
Cuboidal epithelium
What type of epithelium forms the ducts of the liver?
Columnar epithelium
What is a cholecysectomy?
Gallbladder removal
What duct carries bile from the gallbladder to the common bile duct?
The cystic duct
Describe the biliary tree
Left and right sectoral ducts each have their hepatic ducts that join to form the common hepatic duct. The cystic duct joins to form the common bile duct and then the pancreatic duct joins to form the duodenum
Why does the duct wall have a lot of fibrous connective tissue?
Because it carries a larger volume
What is the ampulla of Vater?
A small opening that enters into the duodenum and its surrounded by the sphincter of Oddi
Where is the bile duct compared to the portal vein?
It’s anterior
Where is the bile duct compared to the hepatic artery?
To the right
What are the 3 functions of the gallbladder?
- store and secrete bile
- selectively absorb bile salts
- excrete cholesterol and mucous
What is the gallbladder adhered to?
The fundus of the stomach and the inferior portion of the liver
What are the 3 sections of the stomach?
The fundus, body, and neck of the stomach
Why does ingesting fatty food worsen symptoms related to blockages in the biliary tree?
Bile production is stimulated by fat. The more fat you eat, the more bile will be produced but it won’t be able to get past the blockage so the pain will just get worse
Why would heavy exercise worsen symptoms related to a blockage in the biliary tree?
It would put pressure on the abdominal organs
What arteries supply the pancreas?
Splenic, coeliac trunk, and pancreaticoduodenal arteries
What veins drain the pancreas?
Pancreatic veins that drain into the portal vein
What nerves innervate the pancreas?
Coeliac ganglia and vagus nerve
What is the Wirsung in the pancreas?
The pancreatic small exocrine ducts joining form the Wirsung that then goes on to form the hepatopancreatic ampulla/ ampulla of vater
What is the function of the major duodenal papilla?
The bile and pancreatic ducts use it to empty their contents into the duodenum
What are the 2 roles of the spleen?
- removes old blood cells
2. produces blood cells during foetal life
What is the parenchyma of an organ?
Its the functional tissue of an organ
