T1L10 neuropshycology of memory

Question 1

what is amesia

Answer 1

• intelligence is intact
• attention span is intact
• personality unaffected
• ability to take in new info is severely and usually permanently affected
• verbal and visual long term memory is intact (phenological store and visuospatial sketchpad also unaffected)

usually caused by damage to the medial temporal lobes (head injuries, epilepsy, Alzheimer’s, stroke

Question 2

HM

Answer 2

• underwent lobectomy for epilepsy (hippocampus)

- amnesia

Question 3

anterograde amnesia

Answer 3

• no memory after brain injury

- episodic memories severely effected

Question 4

long term memory tree

Answer 4

long term memory
> declarative (conscious)
> implicit (not conscious)

declarative memory
> episodic (personal events)
> semantic (facts, knowledge)

implicit:
> priming effects
> procedural memory (skills)

implicit memory intact in anterograde amnesia

declarative memory theory states declarative memory is poor in anterograde amnesia.

however amnesiacs can make semantic memories if the learning is incidental- does not support declarative memory theory

evidence mixed.
s9

Question 5

procedural memory

Answer 5

• learning motor skills independent of explicit long term memory
• dedicated brain systems for procedural memory (basal ganglia)
• impaired in huntingtons

Question 6

all declarative memories (episodic and semantic) depend on ________________ for their acquisition and short term retention

Answer 6

medial temporal lobes

• squires declarative memory theory

Question 7

overall anterograde amnesia

Answer 7

• implicit memories not effected
• episodic memories poor
• semantic memories okay

Question 8

retrograde amnesia

Answer 8

• memory before the brain injury
• always present to some degree
• extent of amnesia for episodic memories is highly contrasted

Question 9

squires declerative memory theory

Answer 9

All declarative memories (episodic and semantic) depend on medial temporal lobes for their acquisition and short-term retention. over time, declarative memories become consolidated to other brain regions

Question 10

standard model of consolidation

Answer 10

see s28

Question 11

episodic memory of distant past in retrograde amnesia

Answer 11

intact (okay) supports declarative memory theory

can be poor - doesn’t support

mixed evidence.

Question 12

semantic memories of distant past in retrograde amnesia

Answer 12

intact (okay) supports declarative memory theory

Question 13

impairment of semantic memory

Answer 13

• semantic dementia
• poor knowledge of meaning of words of concepts
• naming difficulties
• associated with damage to lateral temporal cortex

Question 14

frontal lobes and memory

Answer 14

• patients in study only impaired in their ability to remember where they had learned the info. info itself intact.
• confabulation (thinking your a space man or some shit)- damaged or misplaced mems
• you can also get spontaneous confabulation not related to damaged memories in frontal lobe damage