T11, problem structuring methods

Question 1

why do we need to structure problems?

Answer 1

1.
2.
3.

Question 2

what is a facilitator?

Answer 2

guide the group, do not interfere on the process

Question 3

decision conferencing?

Answer 3

when u gather a group of people and build a model on the spot. You have a facilitator and an analyst and a group

Question 4

analyst

Answer 4

the person who build the model on the spot, e.g. in Macbeth

Question 5

differens problems?

Answer 5

1. decision analysis
2. simulation
3. queuing theory
4. 5.
   6.

Question 6

differens problems?

Answer 6

1. decision analysis
2. simulation
3. queuing theory
4. 5.
   6.

Question 7

what is SODA?

Answer 7

you have a group and go and talk with every each person and create a cognitive map than you merge all the cognitive maps and you get group map

sometimes you skip these steps and go directly to group workshops.

DIFFERENT perspective in SODA

1. individual
2. technic - cognitive map
3. consulting
4. organisation

Question 8

cognitive map?

Answer 8

individual views

1. intervjuer each person individual

Question 9

what does arrow mean?

Answer 9

often influence or some of

Question 10

how to form SODA?

Answer 10

1. air pollution example - problems with lungs

2. airbag example - want to be safe

Question 11

how does a cognitive map look like?

Answer 11

tear drop.

Question 12

the do you need a kognitiva map?

Answer 12

then the problem is not structured

Question 13

what is SSM?

Answer 13

Soft system methodology

Build a conception model of activities

• operational activities that we monitor
• -> effectiveness?
• ->

Question 14

what is catwoe?

Answer 14

C- customer
A - actords
T - transformation process
W - Weltanschauung - which view of the wold?
O -  owner
E - environmental constraint

Question 15

what does weltanschauung mean?

Answer 15

what type of worldview a person has?

Question 16

dialogue mapping?

Answer 16

1. to help register discussion or brainstoring
2. show the questions
   3.

Question 17

what is AIDA?

Answer 17

analysis of interconnected decision areas

• -> help you to design options and policies
• -> show incompatibility

Question 18

what is model structuring?

Answer 18

we define the criterias and the options

You always have to do this when building a multi criteria model

Question 19

problem structuring?

Answer 19

You don’t need to use problem structuring models to build a multi-criteria model.

This is before starting structuring the model with the criterias and options

Question 20

problem structuring?

Answer 20

You don’t need to use problem structuring models to build a multi-criteria model.

This is before starting structuring the model with the criterias and options

Question 21

whats are the steps for Macbeth?

Answer 21

1. structuring
   –> criterias
   –> options
2. modelling
   3.

Question 22

what is a post-it session?

Answer 22

1. they write concerns on post it and put it on a place where you have similar problems. It will define clusters and a cognitive map

Question 23

what are the different structuring activities?

Answer 23

1. problem structuring
2. model structuring
3. impact assessment
   –> performance of your options and criterias
   EX. buying car and criteria is price and color. Structuring what criterias your different options has. car 1 cost 300 and is red e.g.

Question 24

two basic model-structuring strategies?

Answer 24

1. bottom-up (alternative-focused thinking)
   - problem?
   - -> you can forget important things, forget criteria
2. top-down (value-focused thinking)
   - first you think about the objectives and based from this you define the criteria

Question 25

what is a screening criteria?

Answer 25

• a criteria that helps to screen by your options
  –> e.g. apartment with to few rooms
• help us to screen out bad options, like a filter
• ## permit to eliminate options

Question 26

properties of evaluation criteria?

Answer 26

1. consensual
2. axhaustive
3. concise and non-redundant
4. decomposable
   - -> measurable and operational
   - -> mutually preferential independent (not statistic dependence) (have to verify both ways)