T11, problem structuring methods Flashcards
why do we need to structure problems?
1.
2.
3.
what is a facilitator?
guide the group, do not interfere on the process
decision conferencing?
when u gather a group of people and build a model on the spot. You have a facilitator and an analyst and a group
analyst
the person who build the model on the spot, e.g. in Macbeth
differens problems?
- decision analysis
- simulation
- queuing theory
- 5.
6.
differens problems?
- decision analysis
- simulation
- queuing theory
- 5.
6.
what is SODA?
you have a group and go and talk with every each person and create a cognitive map than you merge all the cognitive maps and you get group map
sometimes you skip these steps and go directly to group workshops.
DIFFERENT perspective in SODA
- individual
- technic - cognitive map
- consulting
- organisation
cognitive map?
individual views
1. intervjuer each person individual
what does arrow mean?
often influence or some of
how to form SODA?
- air pollution example - problems with lungs
2. airbag example - want to be safe
how does a cognitive map look like?
tear drop.
the do you need a kognitiva map?
then the problem is not structured
what is SSM?
Soft system methodology
Build a conception model of activities
- operational activities that we monitor
- -> effectiveness?
- ->
what is catwoe?
C- customer A - actords T - transformation process W - Weltanschauung - which view of the wold? O - owner E - environmental constraint
what does weltanschauung mean?
what type of worldview a person has?
dialogue mapping?
- to help register discussion or brainstoring
- show the questions
3.
what is AIDA?
analysis of interconnected decision areas
- -> help you to design options and policies
- -> show incompatibility
what is model structuring?
we define the criterias and the options
You always have to do this when building a multi criteria model
problem structuring?
You don’t need to use problem structuring models to build a multi-criteria model.
This is before starting structuring the model with the criterias and options
problem structuring?
You don’t need to use problem structuring models to build a multi-criteria model.
This is before starting structuring the model with the criterias and options
whats are the steps for Macbeth?
- structuring
–> criterias
–> options - modelling
3.
what is a post-it session?
- they write concerns on post it and put it on a place where you have similar problems. It will define clusters and a cognitive map
what are the different structuring activities?
- problem structuring
- model structuring
- impact assessment
–> performance of your options and criterias
EX. buying car and criteria is price and color. Structuring what criterias your different options has. car 1 cost 300 and is red e.g.
two basic model-structuring strategies?
- bottom-up (alternative-focused thinking)
- problem?
- -> you can forget important things, forget criteria - top-down (value-focused thinking)
- first you think about the objectives and based from this you define the criteria
what is a screening criteria?
- a criteria that helps to screen by your options
–> e.g. apartment with to few rooms - help us to screen out bad options, like a filter
- ## permit to eliminate options
properties of evaluation criteria?
- consensual
- axhaustive
- concise and non-redundant
- decomposable
- -> measurable and operational
- -> mutually preferential independent (not statistic dependence) (have to verify both ways)
