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Tecnico, Decision support models > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a decision conference?

A
  1. A meeting where specialized decision support software is typically used
  2. A meeting where a model is built which includes factual data and value judgments elicited from the participants
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2
Q

What is even swaps?

A
  1. A simple method to help selecting the overall most attractive opinion in a multicriteria problem
  2. A method that uses dominance analysis between options
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3
Q

What is a ratio scale?

A

A ratios cale has an absolute zero and an arbitrary unit of measurement

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4
Q

What does the M-MACBETH decision support system?

A

Allows detecting dominates between options

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5
Q

A value scale generated by the decision support system M-MACBETH

A
  1. The value scale is obtained by solving a linear programming problem, which takes into account the judgments of the decision-maker
  2. Should be validated by the decision-maker as it is not unique
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6
Q

Which property should be observed by a single evaluation criterion in a multi criteria model?

A
  1. to be operational
  2. to e intelligible
  3. to be consensual
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7
Q

What descriptor of performance is best?

A

A direct descriptor of performance is preferable to a indirect descriptor and constructed descriptor of performance

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8
Q

Why should not ambiguous descriptors of performance be used?

A

They can confuse the decision maker

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9
Q

Name some information about PROBE ?

resource allocation to portfolios of projects

A

PROBE can deal with synergies involving more than two projects

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10
Q

common influence diagram?

A

starts with a decision node and then a chance node

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11
Q

what is the savage rule? (MiniMaxRegret)

A

The minimax regret approach is to minimize the worst-case regret.

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12
Q

what is conditional probability?

A

?

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13
Q

What is the expected value of information in a problem dominated by uncertainty?

A
  1. Expected value of information allows the decision-maker to know weather an expert is worth consulting for additional information
  2. Expected value of information always assumes a value between 0 and the expected value of perfect information
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14
Q

what is value of control?

A

?

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15
Q

Name some facts about the @RISKsoftware package!

A
  1. It allows modeling dependences among random variabels
  2. It produces cumulative risk profiles of the options in analysis, which allows comparing them
  3. @Risk requires a careful definition of the probability distributions of the input variables to produce adequate results
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16
Q

what is a key uncertainty?

A
  1. A key uncertainty is characterized by a strong potential impact on the focal issue of the scenarios exercise and a high degree of uncertainty.
  2. It would be relatively independent of other key uncertainties.
  3. Its parts and configurations should be reasonable, contrasting and challenging
17
Q

what is a configuration of a key uncertainty?

A

?

18
Q

what is a mega trend??

A

?

19
Q

what is a wildcard?

A

Possible situations that happen sudden and with low probability, with high impact and surprise characteristics.

When a wildcard happen they deeply alter the structures being analysed

20
Q

what is a weak signal?

A

?

21
Q

What does the column 1:CT represent?

A

The sum of the configurations that the considered scenario has in common with other scenarious

22
Q

What is the likelihood ratio of a test?

A

the ratio of the probability of finding it in patients with the disease with the probability of patients without the disease

23
Q

where can the highest level of validity be found in the hierarchy of clinical evidence to support therapeutics?

A

Systematic review of clinical trials addressing the same question

24
Q

which is the highest level concerning the categories of the sources for clinical information?

A

Systems

–> predictive systems based on databases of patients

Tecnico, Decision support models (16 decks)

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