T-Spine. Quiz 3

Question 1

The thoracic spine is the _______mobile part of the spinal Column?

Answer 1

LEAST

Question 2

What takes precedence over intersegmental spinal mobility in the Thoracic spine?

Answer 2

Protection of the thoracic viscera

Question 3

The upper Thoracic spine tends resemble _____, the lower thoracic spine tends to resemble________?

Answer 3

Cervical, lumbar

Question 4

Addition of the articulations for the____makes the T spine unique?

Answer 4

Ribs

Question 5

The T-spine is pro to what kind of problems and what kind of syndromes?

Answer 5

Chronic postural problems, and myofascial pain syndromes

Question 6

What part of the nervous system is commonly effected due to biommecational changes?

Answer 6

Sympathetic nervous system (T1 - L2)

Question 7

What do the spinous processes in the thoracic spine limit?

Answer 7

Extension

Question 8

What is found of the transverse process of the thoracic spine?

Answer 8

Concave facet on the anterior side

Question 9

What do the spinous processes of the thoracic spine look like?

Answer 9

Long and slender, point obliquely downward, overlap in mid thoracic spine.

Question 10

What is the degree and pane of the facet orientation of the T-spine?

Answer 10

60 degrees from the horizontal plane

Question 11

What is orientation of the inferior articular process in the thoracic spine?

Answer 11

Anterior, Inferior, Medial (AIM)

Question 12

What is orientation of the superior articular process in the thoracic spine?

Answer 12

Posterior, Superior, Lateral

PSL

Question 13

What degree and on what Axis is also from the FRONTAL plane?

Answer 13

20 from Y axis

Question 14

The IVD in the T-spine are comparatively think or thick?

Answer 14

THIN

Question 15

What is the disc height to body height ratio in the T-spine?

Answer 15

1:5 (smallest spinal ratio)

Question 16

Is the thoracic spine the most or least flexible ?

Answer 16

Least

Question 17

Where is the nucleus located within the annulus ?

Answer 17

More centrally located that in other regions

Question 18

What degree is a kyphotic curve less than?

Answer 18

55

Question 19

What is the range and average of the thoracic kyphotic curve?

Answer 19

20-50, average of 45

Question 20

What is the primary, structural curve

Answer 20

Kyphotic Thoracic curve

Question 21

What maintains the thoracic curve?

Answer 21

Wedged shaped vertebral bodies, (2mm higher posteriorly

Question 22

The thoracic curve extends from what to what?

Answer 22

T1-T12

Question 23

What is the apex of the thoracic kyphotic curve ?

Answer 23

APEX

Question 24

Are alterations in kyphosis anatomical or postural?

Answer 24

Can be both

Question 25

Does a change in the primary thoracic curve likely mean there will be changes in the secondary curves as well?

Answer 25

Yes

Question 26

Alterations of the kyphotic curve is associated with chronic stretch of what?

Answer 26

The trapezius

Question 27

As thoracic kyphosis increase it crowds what?

Answer 27

Thoracic viscera

Question 28

What 2 conditions can result in increased thoracic kyphosis?

Answer 28

Osteoporosis and Scheuermann disease

Question 29

What is the most limited movement in the thoracic spine?

Answer 29

Extension

Question 30

What is the primary movement of the thoracic spine?

Answer 30

Lateral bending (coupled with axial rotation)

Question 31

How much more rotation and lateral bending is seen in the thoracic spine compared to flexion and extension ?

Answer 31

Twice as much

Question 32

Lateral bending in the thoracic spine is always coupled with what?

Answer 32

Axial rotation (0Y) (most apparent in the upper thoracic spine

Question 33

With lateral bend at T1-T4 where does the spinous process go?

Answer 33

Contralateral spine

Question 34

With lateral bend at T5-T8 where does the spinous process go?

Answer 34

Either side

Question 35

With lateral bend at T9-T12 where does the spinous process go?

Answer 35

Ipsilateral side

Question 36

In the walking study, what was the average degree of axial rotation in the thoracic spine?

Answer 36

6

Question 37

In the walking study where is the grease rotation observed?

Answer 37

Middle thoracics

Question 38

_____of the thoracic spine is greatly enhanced by the rib cage, especially________?

Answer 38

stiffness, extension

Question 39

The rib cage increases_____ stability X4

Answer 39

Y axis

Question 40

What joints connect the heads of the ribs to the vertebral body?

Answer 40

Costovertebal

Question 41

What joints connect the necks and tubercles of the ribs with the transverse process

Answer 41

Costotransvere

Question 42

What ribs connect to the sternum DIRECTLY via costocentral joints ?

Answer 42

1-7

Question 43

What ribs attach indirectly via shared costal cartilage ?

Answer 43

8-10

Question 44

What ribs are free floating ?

Answer 44

11 and 12

Question 45

What makes up the thoracocervial junction ?

Answer 45

c6-t3

Question 46

Are movements between c6 and T3 increased or decreased?

Answer 46

Decreased (but coupled movements are the same as for the typical cervical region

Question 47

What makes up the thoracolumbar junction?

Answer 47

T10-L1

Question 48

What is the most significant change in the thoracolumbar junction?

Answer 48

Coronal facet plane in the T spine to shag Gia like plane in the L spine (typically at T11-12)

Question 49

Posterior primary rami of the spinal roots of T12-L2 form what?

Answer 49

Cluneal nerves

Question 50

Maine believes up to ___% of chronic and acute back pain is caused by referred pain from the lowery thoracic spice into the lumbar or sacrum

Answer 50

60