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Biomechanics > Ex2 > Flashcards

Ex2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most Mobil region of the spine?

A

Cervical

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2
Q

What is the job of the cervical spine?

A

Maintain head posture while allowing for a great deal of mobility

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3
Q

The lateral mass of C1 is shaped like a _________which allows for what?

A

Peanut, little rotation

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4
Q

What limits z axis rotation in the occiput-atlas?

A

Alar ligament

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5
Q

What movement isn’t physiological possible at occiput-atlas ?

A

Z axis rotation

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6
Q

What restrains Y axis rotation at C1-C2?

A

Alar lig

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7
Q

What serve to keep a film of synovial fluid applied to those surfaces of the articular cartilages that are not in contact with one another?

A

Intra-articular meniscoids

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8
Q

At C2-C2 what things are coupled?

A

ThetaY and Y translation

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9
Q

We here are the steepest arches in the C-spine?

A

C6-c7

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10
Q

What slows the last few degrees of the positive Flexion (0X)? In the C-spine

A

Ligamentum flavum

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11
Q

Uncinate processes reduce what? Promote what?

A

Reduce translation, promote rotation

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12
Q

Was

A

Q

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13
Q

What muscle has a high density of muscle spindles ?

A

RCPMI

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14
Q

Muscle spindles are______?

A

Sensory receptors

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15
Q

In a whiplash injury what end will move with greater velocity>?

A

Distal end

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16
Q

The more segments involved in a whiplash injury_________?

A

Greater velocity of the distal end

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17
Q

What is the most important mechanism of injury in whiplash/?

A

Patient position

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18
Q

When subject to compressive loads, the first structure to fail is the_______?

A

Endplate

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19
Q

Rear and frontal impacts are most vulnerable where?

A

C5-C6

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20
Q

Are ligaments and discs more vulnerable at Lower or higher speeds?

A

Lower

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21
Q

No signs or symptoms (WAD#?

A

WAD-0

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22
Q

Complaints of pain, stiffness or tenderness, but no physical signs are noted? (WAD#?)

A

WAD-1

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23
Q

Neck complaints and the examining physician finds decreed ROM and point tenderness in the neck? (WAD#??)

A

WAD-2

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24
Q

Neck complaints plus neuro signs such as decreased deep tendon reflexes, weakness and sensory deficits? (WAD#?)

A

WAD-3

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25
Q

Fracture/dislocation or cord injury (WAD-#?)

A

WAD-4

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26
Q

What limits extension in the T-spine ?

A

Spinosus processes

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27
Q

The IVD in the T spine are comparitvly______?

A

Thin

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28
Q

What part of the spine is the least flexible?

A

T-spine

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29
Q

What is the primary movement of the T-spine?

A

Lateral bending coupled with axial rotation

30
Q

What movement is restricted in the T spine?

A

Flex/ext

31
Q

What is the most limited movement in the T-spine?

A

Extension

32
Q

The rib cage increase the Y axis stability during compression by how much?

A

4x

33
Q

If the body goes right where is the hump?

A

Right

34
Q

If it goes anterior where’s the hump?

A

Posterior

35
Q

The hump occurs in same or opposite side of the spinous?

A

Oppo

36
Q

The lumbar spine is responsible for what///?

A

Trunk mobility

37
Q

Lumbar facets lie in what plane

A

Sagittal

38
Q

L1-L4 facets are in what plane ?

A

Sagittal

39
Q

L1-L4 facets are limit what?

A

Axial rotation (0Y)

40
Q

L5-S1 facts lie in what plane?

A

Coronal

41
Q

L5-S1 facts limit what?

A

Posterior/anterior shear

42
Q

In the lumbars the disc heigh to body height ratio gives the disc a greater resistance to what?

A

Axial compressive forces

43
Q

What defines ROM, and stabilizing the rural sac within the oraminal canal ?

A

Hoffman ligaments

44
Q

How does the spinal cord move in the canal?

A

Elastic deformation

45
Q

What ligament limits Flexion and extension in the lumbars ?

A

ALL and PLL

46
Q

What is a highly elastic, and acts as a barrier to material that would encroach on cord during range of motion?

A

Ligamentum flavum

47
Q

What ligament guards against posterior shear?

A

Interspinous

48
Q

What ligament controls vertebral rotation?

A

Inter spinous

49
Q

Is the SI joint crossed by a muscle?

A

No

50
Q

Do muscles generate motion at the si joint?

A

No, they brace the area

51
Q

The movement is seen at the SI joint?

A

Figure 8

52
Q

As the left Innominate moves post/inf__________

A

Left sacral base moves Ant/inf (nutation)

53
Q

As the right Innominate moves ant/sup_______

A

The sacra base moves post/sup

54
Q

The left Innominate moves post/inf, the left sacral base moves ant/inf is called?

A

Nutation

55
Q

Right Innominate moves anterior/sup the sacra; base moves post/sup known as?

A

Conternutation

56
Q

The si joint provides________not________

A

Stability not mobility

57
Q

Anterior superior pelvic is associated with what rotation?

A

+0X

58
Q

Posterior inferior sacral rotation is associated with?

A

-OX

59
Q

What is the strongest lig in the body?

A

Interosseous

60
Q

Cervical- Sup facet

A

PSM

61
Q

Cervical-inferior facet

A

AIL

62
Q

Cervical plane

A

Coronal-Trans

63
Q

Thoracic- Sup Facet

A

PSL

64
Q

Thoracic-Inf facet

A

AIM

65
Q

Thoracic-plane

A

Cornonal

66
Q

Lumbar SAF, faces

A

Concave, posteromedial

67
Q

Lumbar, Inf art facet

A

Convex, anterolateral

68
Q

Coupled motion for C-1 and C-2

A

OY and Y translation

69
Q

Coupled motion in the lumbar ?

A

-OZ and -OY

70
Q

Cervicals

A

-OZ and +OY

Biomechanics (6 decks)

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