Ex2 Flashcards
What is the most Mobil region of the spine?
Cervical
What is the job of the cervical spine?
Maintain head posture while allowing for a great deal of mobility
The lateral mass of C1 is shaped like a _________which allows for what?
Peanut, little rotation
What limits z axis rotation in the occiput-atlas?
Alar ligament
What movement isn’t physiological possible at occiput-atlas ?
Z axis rotation
What restrains Y axis rotation at C1-C2?
Alar lig
What serve to keep a film of synovial fluid applied to those surfaces of the articular cartilages that are not in contact with one another?
Intra-articular meniscoids
At C2-C2 what things are coupled?
ThetaY and Y translation
We here are the steepest arches in the C-spine?
C6-c7
What slows the last few degrees of the positive Flexion (0X)? In the C-spine
Ligamentum flavum
Uncinate processes reduce what? Promote what?
Reduce translation, promote rotation
Was
Q
What muscle has a high density of muscle spindles ?
RCPMI
Muscle spindles are______?
Sensory receptors
In a whiplash injury what end will move with greater velocity>?
Distal end
The more segments involved in a whiplash injury_________?
Greater velocity of the distal end
What is the most important mechanism of injury in whiplash/?
Patient position
When subject to compressive loads, the first structure to fail is the_______?
Endplate
Rear and frontal impacts are most vulnerable where?
C5-C6
Are ligaments and discs more vulnerable at Lower or higher speeds?
Lower
No signs or symptoms (WAD#?
WAD-0
Complaints of pain, stiffness or tenderness, but no physical signs are noted? (WAD#?)
WAD-1
Neck complaints and the examining physician finds decreed ROM and point tenderness in the neck? (WAD#??)
WAD-2
Neck complaints plus neuro signs such as decreased deep tendon reflexes, weakness and sensory deficits? (WAD#?)
WAD-3
Fracture/dislocation or cord injury (WAD-#?)
WAD-4
What limits extension in the T-spine ?
Spinosus processes
The IVD in the T spine are comparitvly______?
Thin
What part of the spine is the least flexible?
T-spine
What is the primary movement of the T-spine?
Lateral bending coupled with axial rotation
What movement is restricted in the T spine?
Flex/ext
What is the most limited movement in the T-spine?
Extension
The rib cage increase the Y axis stability during compression by how much?
4x
If the body goes right where is the hump?
Right
If it goes anterior where’s the hump?
Posterior
The hump occurs in same or opposite side of the spinous?
Oppo
The lumbar spine is responsible for what///?
Trunk mobility
Lumbar facets lie in what plane
Sagittal
L1-L4 facets are in what plane ?
Sagittal
L1-L4 facets are limit what?
Axial rotation (0Y)
L5-S1 facts lie in what plane?
Coronal
L5-S1 facts limit what?
Posterior/anterior shear
In the lumbars the disc heigh to body height ratio gives the disc a greater resistance to what?
Axial compressive forces
What defines ROM, and stabilizing the rural sac within the oraminal canal ?
Hoffman ligaments
How does the spinal cord move in the canal?
Elastic deformation
What ligament limits Flexion and extension in the lumbars ?
ALL and PLL
What is a highly elastic, and acts as a barrier to material that would encroach on cord during range of motion?
Ligamentum flavum
What ligament guards against posterior shear?
Interspinous
What ligament controls vertebral rotation?
Inter spinous
Is the SI joint crossed by a muscle?
No
Do muscles generate motion at the si joint?
No, they brace the area
The movement is seen at the SI joint?
Figure 8
As the left Innominate moves post/inf__________
Left sacral base moves Ant/inf (nutation)
As the right Innominate moves ant/sup_______
The sacra base moves post/sup
The left Innominate moves post/inf, the left sacral base moves ant/inf is called?
Nutation
Right Innominate moves anterior/sup the sacra; base moves post/sup known as?
Conternutation
The si joint provides________not________
Stability not mobility
Anterior superior pelvic is associated with what rotation?
+0X
Posterior inferior sacral rotation is associated with?
-OX
What is the strongest lig in the body?
Interosseous
Cervical- Sup facet
PSM
Cervical-inferior facet
AIL
Cervical plane
Coronal-Trans
Thoracic- Sup Facet
PSL
Thoracic-Inf facet
AIM
Thoracic-plane
Cornonal
Lumbar SAF, faces
Concave, posteromedial
Lumbar, Inf art facet
Convex, anterolateral
Coupled motion for C-1 and C-2
OY and Y translation
Coupled motion in the lumbar ?
-OZ and -OY
Cervicals
-OZ and +OY
