T —Reprod syste Flashcards by Laylaaa Not

Where do sperms mature?
a) Seminiferous tubules
b) Epididymis
c) Vas deferens
d) Prostate gland

b. Epididymis

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What are the two functions of the testes?
a) Producing testosterone & sperm
b) Storing sperm & producing hormones
c) Producing semen & urine
d) Transporting sperm & testosterone

a) Producing testosterone & sperm

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What are Sertoli cells?
a) Sperm-producing cells
b) Radial cells in the seminiferous tubules
c) Cells that store testosterone
d) Muscle cells in the epididymis

b) Radial cells in the seminiferous tubules

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Where do germ cells convert into sperm?
a) Epididymis
b) Vas deferens
c) Seminiferous tubules
d) Prostate gland

c) Seminiferous tubules

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What are the two compartments of the seminiferous tubules?
a) Epididymal & vas deferens compartments
b) Basal & luminal compartments
c) Sertoli & Leydig compartments
d) Spermatic & germinal compartments

b) Basal & luminal compartments

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What is differentiation in sperm development?
a) The process of sperm traveling through the epididymis
b) Different stages a sperm goes through
c) The breakdown of sperm cells
d) The merging of sperm with an egg

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What is peristalsis?
a) A process of sperm production
b) Coordinated muscular contractions that move in a wave-like pattern
c) The fusion of sperm and egg
d) The storage of sperm

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What are spermatogonia?
a) Mature sperm cells
b) Germ cells that make sperm
c) Hormone-producing cells
d) Supporting cells in sperm production

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What happens when a spermatogonium divides?
a) Both cells become primary spermatocytes
b) One becomes a primary spermatocyte, and the other reverts
c) Both cells revert to stem cells
d) The cell dies after division

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What is the function of tight junctions in the seminiferous tubules?
a) They produce sperm cells
b) They separate the basal and luminal compartments
c) They transport sperm to the epididymis
d) They store testosterone

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What happens to the primary spermatocyte next?
a) It becomes a spermatogonium
b) It turns into secondary spermatocytes through meiosis
c) It fuses with another spermatocyte
d) It directly becomes a sperm cell

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What is spermiogenesis?
a) The process of sperm maturation in the epididymis
b) When one spermatozoon makes one spermatid
c) The movement of sperm through the vas deferens
d) The fusion of sperm and egg

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How many sperms will one spermatocyte make?
a) 1
b) 2
c) 4
d) 8

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Which part of the sperm contains DNA?
a) Midpiece
b) Tail
c) Acrosome
d) Flagellum

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What is the function of the acrosome?
a) Stores energy for movement
b) Contains DNA and enzymes for breaking the egg
c) Produces testosterone
d) Helps in ATP generation

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What is the role of interstitial cells of Leydig?
a) They secrete testosterone and are found around seminiferous tubules
b) They store and transport sperm
c) They produce ATP for sperm movement
d) They form the blood-testis barrier

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What part of the sperm generates ATP from fructose?
a) Acrosome
b) Tail
c) Midpiece
d) Nucleus

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When does crossing over happen in meiosis?
a) Prophase I
b) Metaphase I
c) Anaphase I
d) Telophase I

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What is a tetrad?
a) A pair of homologous chromosomes
b) Four chromatids in Prophase I
c) Two sister chromatids
d) A chromosome before replication

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What are homologous chromosomes?
a) Identical copies of a single chromosome
b) A pair of chromosomes from each parent with the same genes
c) Chromosomes that do not undergo recombination
d) A single-stranded DNA molecule

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What is crossing over (recombination)?
a) The duplication of chromosomes
b) The exchange of genes at chiasmata
c) The separation of sister chromatids
d) The pairing of homologous chromosomes

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What is the function of FSH in males?
a) Stimulates Sertoli cells and triggers spermatogenesis
b) Causes the release of testosterone
c) Inhibits sperm production
d) Stimulates the prostate gland

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What does LH do in males?
a) Stimulates Sertoli cells
b) Causes sperm maturation
c) Causes interstitial cells to produce testosterone
d) Suppresses testosterone production

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Where are ova (eggs) produced?
a) Follicles in ovaries
b) Peritoneal sac
c) Fallopian tubes
d) Uterus

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What is the peritoneal sac? a) A structure that stores eggs b) The location where the egg is ovulated c) The site of fertilization d) The layer surrounding the embryo

What does the vulva refer to? a) The uterus and cervix b) The female reproductive glands c) The internal reproductive organs d) The external parts of the female reproductive system

What is oogenesis? a) The development of sperm b) The formation of a haploid ovum and polar bodies from an oogonium c) The fusion of sperm and egg d) The growth of ovarian follicles

What is the zona pellucida? a) A glycoprotein mixture that protects the oocyte and helps sperm binding b) A layer of cells that surrounds the embryo c) The membrane covering the uterus d) The layer responsible for egg implantation

What is the corona radiata? a) The inner lining of the uterus b) The fluid-filled space in an egg c) A layer of cells surrounding the oocyte, adhering to it during ovulation d) The part of the sperm that binds to the egg

What is GnRH? a) A hormone that stimulates ovulation b) A hormone released from the hypothalamus that causes FSH and LH release c) A protein responsible for egg implantation d) A type of ovarian follicle

What does FSH do in females? a) Stimulates the development of ovarian follicles b) Triggers ovulation directly c) Maintains the uterine lining d) Inhibits estrogen production

What is the function of LH in females? a) Stimulates follicle growth b) Maintains the uterine lining c) Causes ovulation d) Produces progesterone

What is the role of estrogen in the menstrual cycle? a) It directly triggers ovulation b) It is produced by follicles after they receive FSH c) It maintains pregnancy d) It is released from the corpus luteum

What is the function of progesterone? a) Triggers ovulation b) Stimulates follicle development c) Prepares the uterus for potential pregnancy d) Regulates the menstrual cycle by producing FSH

What is hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin)? a) A hormone that induces ovulation b) A hormone produced by the corpus luteum c) A protein responsible for sperm binding d) A neurotransmitter that regulates blood flow

What do the cremaster and dartos muscles do? a) Help regulate testes temperature by moving up when cold and down when hot b) Control sperm production c) Secrete testosterone d) Transport sperm through the vas deferens

What is the spermatic cord? a) The tube that carries sperm out of the urethra b) A bundle in which the vas deferens runs c) The layer surrounding the testes d) The structure that produces sperm

What is the function of accessory glands in male reproduction? a) Store sperm until ejaculation b) Transport sperm through the urethra c) Provide the sperm with necessary nutrients and fluids d) Control temperature in the testes

Which are the three accessory glands in males? a) Seminal vesicle, prostate gland, bulbourethral gland b) Vas deferens, epididymis, seminal vesicle c) Prostate gland, testes, epididymis d) Bulbourethral gland, urethra, seminiferous tubules

What is the function of the urethra in males? a) It produces sperm b) It carries semen c) It regulates testosterone production d) It stores sperm

What does norepinephrine do in penile function? a) Stimulates sperm production b) Increases testosterone levels c) Signals the penis to become erect d) Signals the flaccid penis to restrict blood flow

What does nitric oxide do in penile function? a) Prevents sperm maturation b) Signals the erect penis to allow blood flow c) Restricts blood flow to maintain flaccidity d) Regulates testosterone release

What is the function of the dorsal and cavernosal arteries? a) Drain blood from the penis b) Transport sperm to the urethra c) Store testosterone d) Stimulate sperm production

What is the corpus cavernosum? a) The tissue surrounding the urethra b) A gland that secretes semen c) Two sponge-like regions of erectile tissue d) A muscle that controls ejaculation

What is the corpus spongiosum? a) Erectile tissue surrounding the urethra b) A part of the testes c) The structure that produces sperm d) A gland that secretes hormones

What are the four phases of the menstrual cycle? a) Follicular, ovulation, menstruation, implantation b) Proliferative, secretory, luteal, ovulation c) Follicular, ovulation, luteal, menstruation d) Follicular, ovulation, menopause, menstruation

What happens during the follicular phase? a) FSH is released, stimulating follicle growth, and mature follicles release estrogen b) LH triggers ovulation c) The corpus luteum secretes progesterone d) The uterine lining is shed

What happens during ovulation? a) The corpus luteum produces progesterone b) The endometrial lining sheds c) Estrogen releases LH, causing ovulation and leaving the corpus luteum behind d) FSH inhibits estrogen production

What happens in the luteal phase? a) LH causes the corpus luteum to form and release progesterone b) Estrogen levels peak, triggering ovulation c) FSH levels increase to stimulate follicle growth d) The uterine lining is shed

What happens during menstruation? a) LH stimulates ovulation b) The corpus luteum deteriorates, progesterone declines, and FSH and LH levels are suppressed c) Estrogen levels increase, thickening the uterine lining d) The placenta forms and releases hormones

What is the decidua? a) Specialized endometrial tissue that supports the embryo during pregnancy b) The follicle that matures into an egg c) The outer layer of the uterus d) A hormone released during pregnancy

Where does fertilization most commonly occur? a) Uterus b) Ampulla, the widest part of the fallopian tubes c) Cervix d) Ovarian follicles

Which of the following is the best description of the allantois? a) Remnants of membranes and placenta b) Extra embryonic membrane that supports fetal development c) The vessel that carries blood from the placenta to the fetus d) The extra embryonic membrane that forms the bladder e) the vessel that carries blood from the fetus to the placenta

d extra embryonic membrane that forms the bladder

Which of the following is not a tissue derived from the embryonic ectoderm a) Tooth enamel b) Posterior pituitary gland c) Skin epidermis d) Retina of the eye e) Thymus

The proper sequence of the development of the sperm is a) Primaries spermotocytes → secondary spermatocyte → spermatide → sertoli cells b) Spermatide → primaries spermatocyte → secondary spermatocyte → sertoli cell c) Secondary spermatocyte → Primary spermatocyte → spermatogonium → spermatid d) spermatogonium → primary spermatocyte → secondary spermatocyte → spermatid e) sertoli cell → spermatogonium → secondary spermatocyte → primary spermatocyte → spermatid

sperms are formed in the a) Epididymis b) seminiferous tubules c) prostate gland d) vas deferns e) Bulbourethral gland

A female has about ____ primary oocytes at birth, of which about _____ will be released by ovulation in her lifetime a) 10, 000 ; 500 b) 500,000 ; 500 c) 20,000 ; 200 d) 100,000 ; 100 e) 5,000 ; 500

The follicular phase of the menstrual cycle includes a) A uterine proliferative phase, a menstrual phase, and a rise in estrogen and LH b) A menstrual phase, a secretory phase, and a rise in progesterone c) ovulution and arising progesterone and estrogen d) a rise in LH, FSH, estrogen, & progesterone e) A rise in progesterone and a secretory phase

The components of the sperm include all of the following except a) Microtubules b) flagellum c) endoplasmic reticulum d) acrosome e) mitochondria

Testosterone is produced by a) sertoli cells in the seminiferous tubules b) spermatogonia within seminiferous tubules c) the prostate d) the bulbourethral gland e) interstitial cells of seminiferous tubules

The luteal phase of the menstrual cycle is best associated with newline a) progressively increasing FSH & LH levels b) Secretory phase in the uterine cycle c) Menses and uterine proliferation d) A spike of estrogen, FSH, & LH e) Ovarian follicle maturation