T — Cell Flashcards
Original nodes deck is in quizlet
In what fluid are organelles suspended in eukaryotic cells?
A) Nucleoplasm
B) Cytosol
C) Interstitial fluid
D) Plasma
b
What structure surrounds the nucleus in eukaryotic cells?
A) Plasma membrane
B) Endoplasmic reticulum
C) Nuclear membrane
D) Mitochondrial membrane
c
What is the function of the nucleolus?
A) Synthesizes rRNA
B) Breaks down cellular waste
C) Modifies proteins for secretion
D) Synthesizes lipids
a
How many membranes does the mitochondrion have?
A) One
B) Two
C) Three
D) Four
b
Which of the following structures contains the enzymes for the electron transport chain (ETC)?
A) Outer mitochondrial membrane
B) Golgi apparatus
C) Inner mitochondrial membrane
D) Lysosome
c
Why are mitochondria considered semi-autonomous?
A) They function independently of the cell
B) They contain their own DNA and replicate via binary fission
C) They can produce energy without oxygen
D) They are the only organelle with two membranes
b
Which organelle plays a key role in apoptosis?
A) Peroxisomes
B) Golgi apparatus
C) Smooth ER
D) Mitochondria
d
What is the primary function of lysosomes?
A) Protein synthesis
B) Detoxification of drugs
C) Breakdown of cellular waste
D) Energy production
c
What is the role of endosomes?
A) Transport and sort cell materials
B) Synthesize phospholipids
C) Produce ATP
D) Act as a storage unit for genetic material
a
What type of proteins does the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) produce?
A) Enzymes for the lysosome
B) Proteins for secretion
C) DNA polymerase
D) ATP synthase
b
Which organelle modifies proteins by adding carbohydrates and sulfates?
A) Smooth ER
B) Ribosome
C) Peroxisome
D) Golgi apparatus
d
Which organelle contains hydrogen peroxide and is involved in fatty acid breakdown?
A) Lysosome
B) Golgi apparatus
C) Peroxisome
D) Centriole
c
Which cytoskeletal component forms the cleavage furrow during mitosis?
A) Microfilaments
B) Microtubules
C) Intermediate filaments
D) Centrioles
a
What is the main component of microtubules?
A) Actin
B) Tubulin
C) Myosin
D) Keratin
b
What is the structural arrangement of cilia and flagella?
A) 6+4
B) 9+2
C) 8+3
D) 5+1
b
Which cytoskeletal component helps cells resist mechanical stress and provides structural integrity?
A) Microtubules
B) Microfilaments
C) Intermediate filaments
D) Centrioles
c
Which of the following is NOT one of the four main tissue types?
A) Epithelial
B) Connective
C) Muscular
D) Skeletal
d
What is the function of epithelial tissue?
A) Produces ATP for cellular function
B) Provides structural support and secretes extracellular matrix
C) Protects against pathogens, absorbs, and secretes substances
D) Stores calcium and phosphate ions
c
What is the basement membrane?
A) The site of ATP production in epithelial cells
B) The functional unit of epithelial tissue
C) The outermost layer of stratified squamous cells
D) A layer of connective tissue anchoring epithelial cells
d
How are epithelial cells classified?
A) By location in the body
B) By shape and number of layers
C) By presence of a basement membrane
D) By ability to conduct electrical impulses
b
Which epithelial tissue appears multilayered due to varying cell heights but is actually one layer?
A) Simple squamous
B) Stratified columnar
C) Pseudostratified
D) Transitional
c
Which of the following epithelial cells is cube-shaped?
A) Squamous
B) Cuboidal
C) Columnar
D) Transitional
b
What is the functional part of an organ called?
A) Stroma
B) Basement membrane
C) Endothelium
D) Parenchyma
d
What is the role of connective tissue?
A) Forms the functional part of an organ
B) Protects against infections and secretes mucus
C) Provides structural support and secretes extracellular matrix components
D) Assists in active transport across membranes
c
