T cells: Th17 & Intro to Tfh Flashcards
Th17 signal 3
Tgf-beta
Il6 and
Il23
Effector cytokine th17
Il17 and il22
Master transcriptional regulator th17
RORyT
When was th17 discovered
DIScovered in 2005 —> following discovery in 2003 that il23 is important for development of autoimmunity
Rethinking of classical th1 vs th2 paradigm
What does th17 do
Enhances neutrophil responses and mucosal immunity - increase neutrophil count = helps respond to extra cellular bacteria and fungi
Proinflam responses and involved in many auto immune disorders - highly inflammatory
Tfs activated th17
Stat3 proteins phosphorylated
What does th17 secrete
Il17 and Il22
What are effector functions of th17
Il17 and 22 stimulates other cells to secrete more cytokines, chemokines and anti microbial peptides
Increases = recruits neutrophils
What does th17 aid in
Targeting extracallular bacteria and fungi
What is il17
Pro inflammatory cytokine
Induces inflammation
What is th17 responses involved in
Number of inflammatory diseases, including auto immune diseases -prolonged inflammation = very bad
Like = psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis
- therapies targeting il17 = being studied for treatments
What is th17 response to infection
Type 3 response
Th17 effector functions = induce production of anti microbial peptides
Il17 and il22 can induce epithelial cells to produce anti microbial peptides —> will hopefully
Contribute to killing/slowing replication of bacteria (or fungi, extracellular)
Th17 effector functions = Increase epi turnover
Il22 increases division and shedding of epithelial cells
Can hinder bacterial growth of extracellular Bacteria//fungi = stop colonization
Th17 effector functions = Induce other cells to produce g-csf
Il17 acts on stromal (certain ct) and myeloid (lineage) cells
Cells secrete g-csf cytokine
What does g-csf do
Granulocyte colony stimulating factor
Enters circulation and targets bone marrow precursors to differentiate into neutrophils = so increase neutrophil count
Endocrine effect
Th17 effector functions =Induce other cells to secrete chemokines
Il17 acts on stromal and epithelial cells
= secrete chemokines = will attract neutrophils - to site infection
What can neutrophils do
Phagocytosis, form nets, release granules that can kill bacteria and fungi
Th17 effector functions = Attract more th17 cells
Th17 secrete chemokine that recruits addition th17 cells = more of these effects
Ccl20
Th17 effector functions = Induce macrophages to…
To secrete pro inflammatory cytokines like Il-1beta and tnf-alpha = part of acute phase response
= th17 cells have several diff pro inflam effects - direct and indirectly
Disregulation =much inflammation = very bad
What is psoriasis
Autoimmune disease that causes scaly and white patches on skin - can be genetic or stress induced
What is treatment for psoriasis
Il7 targeted using monoclonal antibodies
What is a monoclonal antibody
Antibodies produced by a. Single clone of b lymphocytes = so they are all identical
Bind specifically to target to either activate or inhibit its activity
Name and describe the 2 approaches for targeting il-17 in psoriasis using mabs
Il17 receptor antagonist = binds receptor so il17 cannot bind, blocks signalling from il17 receptor
Anti il17 neutralizing antibodies = binds to il17 and prevents it from interacting with receptor
