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MIMM 214 > Linking: Travelling to Lymphoid Tissues > Flashcards

Linking: Travelling to Lymphoid Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

What do dcs do

A

Travel from site of infection to lymphoid tissue

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2
Q

How do activated dcs travel

A

Lymphatic vessel to closest lymph node

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3
Q

What do activated dcs express

A

Receptors that target them to lymphoid tissue
= leaves site infection

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4
Q

Describe antigen presentation = whole process gen

A

Activation of cd4 th and cd8 tc T cells = first antigen processed then express peptides on Mhc = 3 signals

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5
Q

How do apcs activate T cells

A

Signal 1 = pMHC:tcr, specific peptide + mhc = ACTIVATION
Signal 2 = b7:cd28 costimulatory moelcuels = SURVIVAL
Signal 3: cytokines = DIFFERENTIATION

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6
Q

Describe what is needed on apc to activate T cells

A

MHC CLASS1/2 with peptide, interact with tcr
B7.1, b7.2 = interact with cd28 on T cell
Cytokines = IL-6, 12, 23, 4

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7
Q

What does pamp induced prr signalling in dcs produce - initially

A

When activated = increase expression of receptors and adhesion molecules that targets dc to lymphatics and lymph nodes = migration
Increased processing of antigen = so can present to T cells

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8
Q

What does pamp induced prr signalling in dcs produce - middle, as mature

A

Induced expression of co stimulatory molecules (not on immature dc, signal 2 for T cell)
Increased expression of mhc molecules = increase number of mhc peptide combos (also bc higher ag processesing) = help T cells match in lymph node

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9
Q

What does pamp induced prr signalling in dcs produce - results

A

Activated dc capable of priming naive T cell (priming = first contact T cell has with ag)

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10
Q

Describe unactivated immature dc

A

Many dendrites
Can phagocytose
Cover much surface area and see if any PAMPs = find things to phagocytose

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11
Q

Describe activated dc in lymphatic vessel

A

No longer phagocytic = role change = now go to lymph node and activate T cells

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12
Q

Describe activated dc in lymphoid tissue

A

Express peptide:mhc and costim molecules
Interacts with T celll

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13
Q

Name the 2 types of dcs

A

Conventional
Plasmacytoid

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14
Q

Describe conventional dc

A

Travel to lymphoid tissue once activated
Activate T cells in secondary lymphoid organ/tissue
Classic apc
More of these than other types

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15
Q

Describe plasmacytoid dendritic cell

A

Very high levels PRRs
Stay at site infection = cannot go to secondary lymphoid organ
Secrete cytokines and can amplify local response

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16
Q

Describe plasmacytoid dendritic cell = produce what

A

Large amounts of type 1 ifn = potent antiviral cytokine, more important for clearing viral infections

17
Q

Describe whole process of activated dcs travelling to lymph node

A

Site of infection = prr signalling —> phagocytosis and activation of dc
Activated dc = promoted to migrate to secondary lymphoid organ = lymph node
Mature dc tries to activate a specific naive T cell = find match

18
Q

What causes swollen lymph node

A

3 signals = help T cell proliferate and activate and clonal expansion
= causes swollen lymph node

19
Q

Describe othe lymphoid tissues

A

Peripheral = Secodnary lymphoid tissues = where cells activated = lymph node, spleen, payers patches, malt

20
Q

How do dcs enter lymph node

A

Afferent lymphatics

21
Q

How do t and B cells enter lymph node

A

High endothelial venules = blood circulation

22
Q

What are high endothelial venules

A

Post capillary venules found in lymph nodes
Migration like diapedesis kinda

23
Q

Describe herpes simplex virus + influenza…

A

Slowly kills dendritic cells when enter lymph nodes
Often when dcs transfer ag

24
Q

What happens when activated dcs enter lymph node

A

Loaded with ag = can transfer ag to resident dcs
Can happen if antigens from viruses rapidly kill dendritic cells

25
Q

What happens if no conventional dendritic cells

A

Tissue resident = in skin, macrophages with dc morphology = lc = langerhans cells are responsible for initial uptake and transport and can transfer antigen to resident dcs

26
Q

TRUE OR FALSE Langerhans cells cannot stimulate naive T cells

A

FALSE
Both can stimulate naive T cells

27
Q

Describe naive lymphocytes

A

Constantly travel = after developed, leaves and travel
Constantly scan for specific ag that they can respond to, want to find match
Spend hours in Secondary lymphoid organs

28
Q

What happens if T cells do not encounter antigen

A

Exit and return to blood to restart search
Leaves via efferent lymphatics

29
Q

What happens if T cell finds match

A

= will stay in lymph node

30
Q

What happens to T cell in lymph node after finding match

A

Gets 3 signals
= T cell activated, proliferates, differentiates
Takes time and is trapped in lymph node until proliferation is complete

31
Q

What happens to effector T cells

A

Exit lymph node via efferent lymphatics
Home to infected tissues (chemokines receptors and adhesion molecules lead them to site fo infection)

MIMM 214 (10 decks)

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