Systems Design, Implementation, Maintenance and Review Flashcards
Logical Design
Vs
Physical Design
Logical design:
-Describes functional requirements of a system
-This phase focuses on defining the system’s functionality, features, and capabilities without considering the technical details of implementation.
Physical design:
-Specifies the characteristics of the system components necessary to put the logical design into action
-This phase involves translating the logical design into a technical blueprint or implementation plan.
Environmental Design Considerations
1.Environmental design:
-Also called green design
-Involves systems development efforts that slash power consumption, require less physical space, and result in systems that can be disposed in a way that doesn’t negatively affect the environment
Evaluation Techniques
How do companies evaluate and select hardware, software, and IT services?
1.Group Consensus
2.Cost/benefit analysis
3.Benchmark Test
4.Point evaluation
Group consensus:
Decision-making group is appointed and given the responsibility of making the final evaluation and selection
Cost/benefit analysis:
Lists the costs and benefits of each proposed system
Benchmark test:
An examination that compares computer systems operating under the same conditions
Point evaluation:
Evaluation process in which each evaluation factor is assigned a weight, in percentage points, based on importance
Systems Implementation: Implementation Activities
Pic Link:
https://ibb.co/7vsQc2g
Includes:
-Hardware acquisition
-Programming and software acquisition or development
-User preparation
-Hiring and training of personnel
-Site and data preparation
-Installation, testing, start-up, and user acceptance
Acquiring Hardware from an IS Vendor
1.IS vendor:
-Company that offers hardware, software, telecommunications systems, databases, IS personnel, or other computer-related resources
2.Types of IS vendors include:
-General computer manufacturers
-Small computer manufacturers
-Peripheral equipment manufacturers
Acquiring Software: Make or Buy?
1.Make-or-buy decision:
-Whether to obtain software from external or internal sources
- Externally acquired software and Software as a Service (SaaS):
-Commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) combines software from various vendors into a finished system
-Software as a Service (SaaS) allows businesses to subscribe to Web-delivered application software by paying a monthly service charge
Data preparation
-Also called data conversion
-Ensuring all files and databases are ready to be used with new computer software and systems
Start-Up/Cutover
System Cutover Approaches:
Direct conversion (plunge, direct cutover)
Phased approach (piecemeal)
Pilot start-up
Parallel start-up
Get updates from slides
Systems Operation and Maintenance
1.Systems operation:
-Use of a new or modified system
2.Systems maintenance:
-Checking, changing, and enhancing the system to make it more useful in achieving user and organizational goals
Reasons for Maintenance
1.Changes in business processes
2.New requests from stakeholders, users, and managers
3.Bugs or errors in program
4.Technical and hardware problems
5.Corporate mergers and acquisitions
6.Government regulations
7.Changes in the operating system or hardware on which the application runs
The Relationship between Maintenance and Design
Programs are expensive to develop, but they are even more expensive to maintain
Determining factor in decision to replace a system:
-The point at which it is costing more to fix than to replace
Pic:
https://ibb.co/42Pg62w
