Introduction to Information Systems Flashcards
Characteristics of valuable information
Accurate
Accesible
Complete
Economical
Flexibility
Reliable
Relevant
Secure
Simple
Timely
Verifiable
What is Information System ?
A set of interrelated components that collect, manipulate, and disseminate data and information and provide feedback to meet an objective
What Is Businesses In IS ?
Can use information systems to increase revenues and reduce costs
1.What Is Data
2.What Is Information
3.What Is Process
4.What Is Knowledge
- Raw Facts
- Collection of facts organized in such a way that they have value beyond the facts themselves
- Set of logically related tasks
- Awareness and understanding of a set of information
Valuable Information
Can help people and their organizations perform tasks more efficiently and effectively
What Is System ?
System Concepts
Set of elements / concepts that interact to accomplish goals
Components of information systems
Input - Activity of gathering and capturing raw data (Collect)
Process - Converting data into useful outputs (manipulate, store)
Output - Production of useful information (in the form of document/report) (disseminate data and information)
Feedback - Information from the system that is used to make changes to input or processing activities
What Is Input ?
Activity of gathering and capturing raw data
What Is Process ?
Converting data into useful outputs
What Is Output
Production of useful information, usually in the form of documents and reports
What Is Feedback ?
Information from the system that is used to make changes to input or processing activities
What is Efficiency?
System Performance and Standards
Measure of what is produced divided by what is consumed
What is Effectiveness
System Performance and Standards
Measure of the extent to which a system attains its goals
What is System performance standard ?
System Performance and Standards
Specific objective of the system
Computer-Based Information Systems (CBIS)
HTSPPD - Hardware,software,people,procedure,database
A single set of hardware, software, databases,
telecommunications, people, and procedures that are configured to collect, manipulate, store,
and process data into information.
CBIS help organizations efficiently manage and utilize information to achieve their goals.(TPS,MIS,DSS,ERP)
Hardware
Consists of computer equipment used to perform input, processing, and output activities
Software
Consists of the computer programs that govern the operation of the computer
Database
Organized collection of facts and information, typically consisting of two or more related data files
Telecommunications, networks, and the Internet
The electronic transmission of signals for communications
Networks
Connect computers and equipment to enable electronic communication
Internet
World’s largest computer network, consisting of thousands of interconnected networks, all freely exchanging information
Intranet
Internal network that allows people within an organization to exchange information and work on projects
Extranet
Network that allows selected outsiders, such as business partners and customers, to access authorized resources of a company’s intranet
E-commerce
Any business transaction executed electronically between:
-Companies (business-to-business, B2B)
-Companies and consumers (business-to-consumer, B2C)
-Consumers and other consumers (consumer-to-consumer, C2C)
-Business and the public sector
-Consumers and the public sector
Mobile commerce (m-commerce):
The use of mobile, wireless devices to place orders and conduct business
E-commerce
Can enhance a company’s stock prices and market value
Electronic business (e-business):
Uses information systems and the Internet to perform all business-related tasks and functions
1.What Is Transaction ?
2.What Is Transaction processing system (TPS):
?
1.Any business-related exchange, such as payments to employees and sales to customers
2.Organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases, and devices used to record completed business transactions
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
A set of integrated programs
that manages the day to day vital business operations for an
entire multisite, global
organization.
More About ERP:
-Most systems provide integrated software to support manufacturing and finance
-ERP is the vehicle for integrating people, processes, and technologies across a modern enterprise.
- What is Systems Development ?
- What is Outsourcing ?
- The activity of creating or modifying existing business systems
- Allows a company to focus on what it does best and delegate other functions to companies with expertise in systems development
System Development
Below Is Short Understanding:
Systems Investigation - Understand Problem
Systems Analyst - Understand Solution
System Design - Select and plan best solution
Systems Implementation - Place solution into effect
Systems Maintenance and Review - Evaluate results of solution
Below Is Long Understanding:
Goal of systems investigation:
To gain clear understanding of the problem to be solved or opportunity to be addressed
Systems analysis:
Defines the problems and opportunities of the existing system
Systems design:
Determines how new system will work to meet business needs defined during systems analysis
Systems implementation:
Acquiring various system components defined in design step, assembling them, and putting the new system into operation
Systems maintenance and review:
Checks and modifies the system so that it continues to meet changing business needs
Computer and Information Systems Literacy
Computer literacy:
Knowledge of computer systems and equipment and the ways they function
Information systems literacy:
-Knowledge of how data and information are used by individuals, groups, and organizations.
Consists of 3 elements:
-Information Technology skills
-Analysis & problem solving skills
-Organizational and individual behavior skills
