systemic disease and the eye Flashcards
what happens in CNVI palsy?
eye moves inward (lateral rectus doesn’t function)
what happens in CN IV palsy?
eye looks up
vertical double vision
what head movement is seen in CN IV palsy?
head tilt away from affected side
what are the causes of CN IV palsy?
Congenital decompensated
Microvascular
Tumour
Bilateral – closed head trauma
what happens on CN III palsy?
look down and out
ptosis
dilated pupil
(think how only IV and VI are working - they look down and out)
what are the causes of CN III palsy?
Microvascular
Tumour
Aneurysm
MS
Congenital (rare)
what is the cause of CN III neurovascular emergency?
aneurysm - painful CN III palsy
what are the causes of visual field defects?
Vascular disease - CVA
Space occupying lesion (SOL)
Demyelination (MS)
Trauma - including surgical
what type of vision loss can be caused by optic nerve defects?
complete eye or along the horizontal
(e.g. only top or bottom half not left or right half)
what type of vision loss is caused by tumour pressing on the optic chiasm?
bitemporal hemianopia
what types of tumours can press on optic chiasm causing vision loss?
Pituitary tumour
Craniopharyngioma
Meningioma
what happens in optic tract damage?
left or right sided hemianopia (can only see the R/L side of each eye- nasal side of one temporal of the other)
or matching quadrantanopia on each eye (one quadrant gone in each eye)
